Cover

TARGETING THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT

ORANGES

COCONUT OIL

SODIUM BICARBONATE

UNRAVELING THE MYSTERIES OF CANCER

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CANCER

The Metabolic Disease Unravelled

Mark Sloan

WHY YOU SHOULD READ THIS BOOK

The official position of the cancer establishment is that cancer is a genetic disease involving genetically-mutated cells which seek to overwhelm and kill the patient. This ideology is routinely taught to doctors, nurses and to the public as if it were fact, yet no scientific evidence has ever suggested it is true. The prevailing cancer mythology that I like to call ‘the angry cancer cell’ is how the use of knives, poisons and deadly ionizing radiation are justified as treatments - and if it were ever acknowledged this theory was mistaken, the entire cancer industry would crumble.

Backed by evidence from over 1900 scientific and clinical references, Cancer: The Metabolic Disease Unravelled is the antidote to a disease that has plagued humanity for centuries.

Groundbreaking cancer research has shown that cancer cells are not the murderous villains that they were once believed to be. The many breakthrough scientific discoveries presented in this book will reveal exactly what a cancer cell is, what causes tumors to form and how to reverse cancer cells back to normal, healthy cells without harming them. But the 126 billion dollar cancer industry has no interest in rendering itself out of business so these findings have never been acknowledged publically. As a result, mainstream cancer treatments continue killing more people everyday, including my mother who died when I was 12 years old.

The cancer Industry maintains an un-scientific approach to diagnosing and treating cancer. Any research that interferes with its ‘official’ position and the profits that it generates is pushed aside and ignored. It’s time to reveal the truth to the public once and for all so that humanity can end the disease of cancer forever.

Prepare to say goodbye to your fear of cancer and say hello to the confidence in knowing:

EXACTLY what a tumor is
EXACTLY what causes one to form and
Numerous ways to simply and inexpensively heal cancer

Thank you again for supporting my work. I hope you find this book valuable and that it helps revolutionize the the world’s understanding of the disease of cancer and ultimately puts an end to what Dr. Siddhartha Mukherjee has called the emperor of all maladies.

DISCLAIMER

The information presented herein is the opinion of the author and is not meant to substitute for medical advice.

Statements made in this book regarding conventional and alternative health treatments have not been evaluated by Health Canada. Do not use this book to diagnose, treat or cure any illness or health condition. If you have, or suspect that you have a medical problem, contact your physician or health care provider.

Neither the author nor the publisher assumes any liability for any injury, illness or adverse effects caused by the use or misuse of the information presented herein. Brands, corporations and trademarks are used for clarification purposes only and have no affiliation with this book.

Under no circumstances will any legal responsibility or blame be held against the publisher or author for any reparation, damages, or monetary loss due to the information in this book, either directly or indirectly. The reader is solely responsible for his or her own actions.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

WHY YOU SHOULD READ THIS BOOK

DISCLAIMER

INTRODUCTION

TARGETING THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT

ORANGES

COCONUT OIL

SODIUM BICARBONATE

UNRAVELING THE MYSTERIES OF CANCER

After $500 billion dollars spent on cancer research since 1971, the search for a cure has been a complete and utter failure.1-3 Nothing about the way cancer patients are treated has been improved; survival rates have not improved, cancer diagnostic tests are a public health disaster and mainstream cancer treatments continue killing far more people than they help.

“We have a multi-billion dollar industry that is killing people, right and left, just for financial gain,” wrote Dr. Glen Warner who, like other heroic doctors, have been doing everything they can for decades to warn the public of the fraud.

It’s clear that the booming cancer industry is not going to put itself out of business anytime soon and that if we want a cure for cancer, or even more reasonable treatments, we are going to have to find them ourselves. Welcome to book 2 of the Curing Cancer series.

This monumental work has been written in such a way that reading the first book in this series, The Cancer Industry, is not a prerequisite. However, that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t read it. I believe that if you’re human and you have a pulse that you should read it at some point. It exposes in enormous detail the dismal ‘success’ rates and appalling dangers of cancer surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and cancer screening tests. It’s been known for at least 50 years that mainstream cancer treatments do far more harm than good and The Cancer Industry is the final nail in the coffin.

Equally as important as understanding and acknowledging the fraud of the cancer establishment is knowing what to replace that void with. It’s the goal of this work to provide you with an understanding of cancer that will end any fear you may have of the disease and allow you to easily and inexpensively prevent or reverse cancer without killing or harming yourself in the process.

In the first chapter we’re going to dive right into the most crucial area of cancer research, called the tumor microenvironment. This comprises the area surrounding a tumor, within which various substances either signal the tumor to grow and spread or to shrink and resolve itself. Once you’ve read it you’ll know more than 99.999% of doctors and oncologists about cancer. The tumor microenvironment is the most accurate scientific framework for understanding what cancer is and for treating it in a way that is both fully safe and effective.

The subsequent three chapters are focused on natural medicines – one per chapter – including oranges, coconut oil and sodium bicarbonate, respectively. If you’ve ever been curious as to whether these foods/medicines are effective for treating cancer or other diseases, I think you will be most satisfied with the results. The interactions of these three natural medicines with the tumor microenvironment will be explored and their influences on cancer progression will be recorded. If it’s true that certain factors within the tumor microenvironment are the mediators of carcinogenesis and cancer progression, then any downregulation of them by these natural medicines should either inhibit the progress of cancer or resolve it. As such, these three chapters are a prime opportunity to either add validation to or detract from the theory.

As extraordinary as the first four chapters of this book may be, the final chapter, called Unraveling the Mysteries of Cancer, is on another level. Get ready for a ride!

In the final chapter, our first task is to question the mainstream somatic mutations theory of cancer. Captivating lines of research like the cloning of mice from tumor cell DNA, frog egg tumor transplants and cell cytoplasm-swapped ‘cybrids’ all present significant problems for cancer’s brittle genetic theory. As you comprehend this evidence, many of the fractures in the somatic mutations theory will become evident. The multi-billion dollar Cancer Genome Atlas Project was the straw that finally broke the camels back in regards to the genetic theory of cancer. The project’s 2010 results were a fatal blow to the theory and to the hope of its many exhilarated supporters, who were left in complete and utter bewilderment.

At this point it will be clear to you what cancer isn’t, and our next task becomes establishing what cancer is. The case for the metabolic origins of cancer is then made using scientific evidence, some of which dates back 150 years, and includes the work of the prodigious Nobel Prize laureate Dr. Otto Warburg and others. Any remaining gaps in Warburg’s understanding of cancer were filled in by his successors, one of whom was Dr. Konstantin Buteyko. You’ll learn about Buteyko’s monumental discovery that turned the medical establishment on its head and how the exact mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis are implicated in virtually all chronic degenerative diseases. Suddenly a pinhole of light at the end of a once seemingly-endless void tears through the fabric of reality – and the end of cancer and all chronic degenerative diseases is in sight.

Understanding the metabolic differences between a health cell and a cancer cell is next on the agenda. You’ll learn numerous specific ways to turn a healthy cell cancerous and vice versa. Dysfunctional metabolism tends to result in changes within cells that lead to permanent mitochondrial damage. This is why understanding healing and regeneration in the body – namely, what inhibits it and what accelerates it – becomes our next task. We begin our reconnaissance by looking at the physiological role of a number of factors in the healing process including stem cells, oxygen, carbon dioxide, inflammation, the tumor microenvironment, the immune system, thyroid, unsaturated fat, cholesterol and the remarkable phenomenon of scarless healing that occurs within the human embryo.

It turns out that cancerous tumors have a primary fuel source, but it’s not what you might think. You’ll learn about the recent groundbreaking research that has demonstrated one specific energy substrate in particular is absolutely essential for cancer growth, metastasis and progression. Due to toxic fragments formed as a byproduct of the utilization of this energy substrate, stress is amplified rather than alleviated - and the result is a chronic state of stress which eventually overwhelms the body’s ability to ‘switch’ that stress off. At this point, healing is obstructed and chronic degenerative diseases of all types, including cancer and aging itself, begin to occur.

The key to the successful treatment of cancer is to interrupt the vicious cycle of stress that occurs in the body as a result of years of assimilating inappropriate food materials. Various ways to interrupt the vicious cycle of stress, including drugs, medicines, the various forms of carbon dioxide therapy and a number of dietary interventions are offered.

But the excitement doesn’t end there. Just when you think we’ve reached the summit and the book couldn’t possibly bestow anymore remarkable information, the author puts us face to face with a practical method of literally eradicating not just cancer but all chronic degenerative diseases off the face of the earth.

My name is Mark Sloan and I am the author of this book. I want to thank for your supporting my work and I hope that it profoundly changes your life for the better. If you find it helpful or entertaining in some way, please remember to leave a quick review on Amazon after you’re done reading. I read all the reviews myself and your feedback will help this book tremendously.

Now, let the journey begin.

TARGETING THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT

The tumor microenvironment is one of the most important areas of cancer research. Understanding what the tumor microenvironment is and how it works is critical for understanding the disease of cancer. Despite this, the concept has never been announced publically and most people are entirely unaware of it.

The tumor microenvironment is the area surrounding a tumor, which contains a network of different signaling molecules, hormones and other factors which are in constant interaction with tumor cells.55 Depending on which substances are present within the tumor microenvironment, a tumor will either be signaled to grow and spread to other areas of the body or to shrink and resolve itself. Put simply, the substances present within the tumor microenvironment are the ultimate mediators of the fate of a tumor.

If you’ve read my book The Cancer Industry, you’ll recall the detailed breakdown of the tumor microenvironmental factors in the chapter on cancer surgery, which included their role in the body and their influence on carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Due to the significance of that information I will re-present it and all its details below:

Nitric Oxide - Anytime a tissue has been injured, nitric oxide and other growth factors are released to signal cells to grow and divide to replace lost cells.56 In a person with cancer, tumor cells caught in the crossfire of nitric oxide signaling will also be signaled to grow, which is why nitric oxide is a well-known promoter of angiogenesis and tumor progression.57-60

Nitric Oxide - Nitric oxide has also been demonstrated to trigger the adhesion of circulating tumor cells (like the ones released during cancer surgery) onto body tissues, which is the first step in new tumor formation.61

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor – Similar to nitric oxide, VEGF is a protein that signals growth to help repair injured tissues.90 Elevated blood levels of VEGF have been associated with the growth and progression of cancer.91

Epidermal Growth Factor – EGF, like nitric oxide and VEGF, enhances the growth, invasion and metastasis of tumors.92 High levels of EGF are associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients.93

Free Radicals – Free radicals are highly-reactive molecules that are balanced by the body’s antioxidant system. In excess, the oxidative damage caused by free radicals results in aging, cardiovascular disease, cancer and other chronic diseases.112

Adrenaline – The stress hormone adrenaline is one of the primary triggers of the breakdown of fat for energy (lipolysis).89 Anytime unsaturated fatty acids enter the bloodstream, prostaglandins are formed,62 which are carcinogenic.63

Cortisol - People with cancer have higher cortisol levels than people without cancer,64 and a number of studies have shown that cancer patients with the highest levels of cortisol have the greatest risk of dying from the disease.65,66

Estrogen - The presence of cortisol in the bloodstream leads to increased production of the hormone estrogen.67-69 The famous 1990’s Women’s Health Initiative study tested the effects of supplemental estrogen on women, but was forced to stop early after participants began developing cardiovascular disease, stroke, dementia and cancer.70

Serotonin - Since cortisol’s basic action is to catabolize muscle tissue and muscle meat contains high levels of the amino acid tryptophan (a precursor for serotonin), stress increases serotonin production.71 While most people think of serotonin as a ‘happy hormone,’ this cultural belief appears misguided, since serotonin is not a hormone and lowering it can alleviate depression.87 Serotonin is part of the body’s stress response and has been shown in numerous studies to promote tumor growth.71-75

Histamine - Histamine is an inflammatory mediator commonly known for its role in allergic reactions.76-77 Substances that inhibit histamine prevent cancer growth and progression.78-80

Lactic Acid - Lactic acid is produced by cells that aren’t getting what they need to produce energy efficiently. Lactic acid suppresses the immune system,81 promotes cancer growth and metastasis 82 and also triggers the release of cortisol,83 perpetuating the cycle of stress.

Prolactin - Elevated blood concentrations of the hormone prolactin trigger inflammation by amplifying the production of inflammatory cytokines,84 and promote the formation and progression of numerous types of cancer.85-86,88

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha – TNFalpha is an inflammatory cytokine released by macrophages in response to toxins or other stressors.95 Due to its extreme toxicity, TNFalpha has been shown to kill cancer cells,96 but the rest of the body is severely damaged in the process.97-99 TNFalpha promotes inflammation, is involved in cancer growth and metastasis, and its presence in the body increases with age,100 like cancer’s.101

Nuclear Factor Kappa b – TNFalpha triggers the production of NFKB,102 which is a protein that signals inflammation 103 and plays a key role in tumor formation, growth and spread.104-105 Many ancient natural medicines found to be effective against cancer inhibit NFKB.106

Interleukin 6 – IL-6 is a highly-toxic pro-inflammatory cytokine 107-108 that plays a key role in the formation of numerous types of cancer, including colorectal,94 pancreatic,110 liver 111 and prostate.114

High-Mobility Group Box 1 Protein – HMGB1 is a pro-inflammatory protein that signals immune system activation in response to injury.113 Overexpression of HMGB1 promotes inflammation, carcinogenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis. “Our studies and those of our colleagues suggest that HMGB1 is central to cancer.”109

Interestingly, all of the tumor microenvironmental factors we’ve just outlined tend to rise and fall together and to be self-promoting. Stress begets more stress. This means health can go downhill faster than one might think, and conversely, health can also be recovered more quickly than one might think.

In The Cancer Industry it was established that surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy – whether administered individually or in combination - significantly elevate all of the aforementioned substances within the tumor microenvironment. These are the precise biochemical mechanisms that explain why mainstream cancer treatments ultimately make the health of cancer patients far worse and often kill them. These findings further substantiate the conclusions of many reknowned doctors and scientists over the preceding decades: Treatments that damage the body are the exact opposite of what a sick person with cancer needs to heal.

Inside The Bodies of Untreated Cancer Patients

Within the tumor microenvironment we know the aforementioned substances can be found particularly concentrated. But as it turns out, these same factors can also be found elevated throughout the entire bodies of cancer patients.

Here’s what scientists have found in the blood and tissues of cancer patients before receiving any treatments:

· Elevated free radicals 1-3

· Elevated tumor necrosis factor-alpha 4-5

· Elevated interleukin-1 5-6

· Elevated interleukin-4 48

· Elevated interleukin-65-6

· Elevated interleukin-85-6

· Elevated nuclear factor-kappa b 7

· Elevated cortisol 8-10

· Elevated adrenaline 47

· Elevated prolactin 11-13

· Elevated high mobility group box 1 protein 49

· Elevated vascular endothelial growth factor 50

· Elevated epidermal growth factor 51

· Elevated nitric oxide 14-15

· Elevated lactic acid 16-18

· Elevated estrogen10,19

· Elevated prostaglandins 20-21

· Elevated serotonin 24-25

· Elevated histamine 22-23

This means that although the situation is worst in the area surrounding a tumor, the disease of cancer is not isolated to the tumor itself, and therefore treatment must then involve direct treatment of the tumor as well as the entire body as a whole.

The questions that must be asked and answered now are:

· Is there anything we can do to safely downregulate the cancer-promoting substances within the tumor microenvironment of cancer patients?

· And if so, what happens to the health of a cancer patient once these factors are reduced?

· Is reducing these substances the most efficient way to heal cancer?

Downregulating The Tumor Promoting Factors in Cancer Patients

We all eat food everyday, our lives depend on it. Once consumed, the food we eat is digested and used by our bodies as base materials to maintain and regenerate its structure and to power the energy-producing ‘engines’ within each of our cells, called mitochondria. Based on this, it’s clear that the most fundamental way to affect human health either positively or negatively is to alter the types and quantities of food we eat.

If a person is ingesting everything their cells need to be healthy (water, air, protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins and minerals) and avoiding things they don’t need (chemical poisons), they will be in good health. If they’re not, the process of disease and degeneration will begin to occur.

Since food is our primary source of nourishment, we will now explore which foods might act medicinally to downregulate the cancer-promoting factors within the body and tumor microenvironment.

One of the dietary recommendations Dr. Raymond Peat has been making for years is that people eat more oranges. After reading a number of studies on oranges, it became clear that this fruit indeed contains a number of powerful medicinal ingredients that might make it a good candidate to alter the tumor microenvironment. I explored the scientific literature to determine the impact of oranges on the tumor microenvironment and here are my findings.

Oranges and the Tumor Microenvironment:

· Oranges reduce free radicals 26-27

· Oranges reduce tumor necrosis factor-alpha 28

· Oranges reduce interleukin-1 29

· Oranges reduce interleukin-4 30

· Oranges reduce interleukin-530

· Oranges reduce interleukin-628

· Oranges reduce interleukin-8 31

· Oranges reduce interleukin-1330

· Oranges reduce nuclear factor kappa-b31

· Oranges reduce cortisol 32

· Oranges reduce adrenaline 46

· Oranges reduce prolactin 33-34

· Oranges reduce high mobility group box 1 protein 52

· Oranges reduce vascular endothelial growth factor 53

· Oranges reduce epidermal growth factor 54

· Oranges reduce nitric oxide 35-36

· Oranges reduce lactic acid 37-38

· Oranges reduce estrogen 39-41

· Oranges reduce prostaglandins35-36

· Oranges reduce serotonin 44-45

· Oranges reduce histamine 42-43

It’s clear that oranges can diminish not just one, but all of the previously outlined cancer-promoting tumor microenvironmental factors within the human body. Before doing this work I had suspected that oranges would reduce at least a few of these substances, but to my surprise it seems to be able to downregulate every single of them. We are off to a great start.

Next we will conduct a thorough scientific investigation into oranges to find out what they can do in animal and human experiments of cancer. Following this, similar investigations will be conducted on two other medicines and then we will return to synthesize the information and unravel the mysteries of cancer in our final chapter.

ORANGES

Sweet, powerfully refreshing and bursting with flavor; it’s no surprise that oranges are one of the most popular fruits in the world. Most people are aware that oranges are a potent source of vitamin C, but there are a number of other nutrients within an orange that boost its medicinal value considerably.

In this chapter, we will investigate the therapeutic potential of citrus flavonoids, modified citrus pectin, vitamin C and orange juice on cancer and overall health.

Citrus Flavonoids

Flavonoids are naturally occurring substances found in fruits, vegetables, teas and wines that are responsible for the diversity of colors produced by plants.1 Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary consumption of flavonoids can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease,3 asthma, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, prostate cancer and lung cancer.4

More than 60 flavonoids have been identified in citrus fruit, making them one of the most concentrated and readily available sources of flavonoids.366 A 2003 study from the UK found that a Sicilian variety of orange called Tarocco had higher concentrations of citrus flavonoids than 6 other orange varieties tested.5 Interestingly, flavonoids are found more abundantly in the peel than in the pulp of citrus fruit.2

Some examples of citrus flavonoids include naringin, naringenin, diosmin, hesperetin, hesperidin, quercetin, tangeretin, nobiletin. In this section we will investigate three of them.

Citrus Flavonoids Vs. Cancer

One of the methods used by scientists to test the therapeutic value of nutrients or drugs against cancer is to add them to a test tube containing cancer cells and observe the effects. Testing cancer cells outside of living organisms in this way is called in vitro. Sometimes effects observed in vitro are not the same as inside living organisms, or in vivo, but many times they are, as you will see.

Naringin:

In vitro studies have confirmed naringin can inhibit the growth of stomach,9 cervical,12 breast,14 and colon cancer cells,11 the spread of brain 7-8 and bone cancer cells,10 and trigger cancer cell death (apoptosis) in colon,11,17 pancreatic,17 stomach,17 cervical,12-13,17 liver17 and breast cancer cells.14, 17

Another popular method used by scientists to determine the value of nutrients or drugs against cancer is by inducing cancer in animals - usually by injecting carcinogenic chemicals into them - and then administering the treatment and observing the outcome.

In vivo studies have confirmed naringin can inhibit the growth of colon,18 oral,19 lung 20 and connective tissue tumors,16-17 the spread of skin tumors20and trigger apoptosis in colon tumors.18

A Closer Look…

In 2012, scientists from Sao Paulo, Brazil, investigated the effects of naringin on rats bearing connective tissue cancer. Results showed that a 25mg/kg dose of naringin administered daily for 50 days inhibited tumor growth by 75%. Naringin also increased survival and notably, “two rats presented complete tumor regression.”16

One of the most exciting experiments on naringin was conducted in 2016 by Chinese researchers, who added naringin to skin cancer cells to determine its impact on cellular energy metabolism. One of the key changes in the metabolism of cancer cells is increased production of lactic acid, and not only did naringin inhibit lactic acid production in the skin cancer cells, but it also completely reversed them back into normal cells. “In summary, we demonstrated that naringin inhibits the malignant phenotype of A375 cells.” they concluded.15

Perhaps best of all, the beneficial effects of naringin can be obtained “without adverse side effects.”59

Normally, once a ‘drug’ has proven itself in vitro and in vivo, it would move on to human testing in clinical trials, but since the average cost of phase 1 clinical trial in the United States ranges from $1.4 million to $6.6 million dollars;198 and since natural substances found in foods can’t be patented or sold by drug companies, this type of research doesn’t often receive funding and is thus rarely performed.

Many times, the only reason in vitro and in vivo studies on food nutrients are funded is so drug companies can find medicines that work and then attempt to replicate similar chemicals to patent and sell.

Naringenin:

A 2015 study identified naringenin as one of 10 therapeutic agents “that may warrant further investigation to target the tumor microenvironment” for preventing and treating cancer.”64

In vitro experiments have established naringenin can inhibit the growth of breast,65,73 stomach,71 colon,66,73 skin,68,76 leukemia75 and liver cancer cells,67,77 the spread of breast,65 liver,67 skin,68 bladder,69 pancreatic,70 and stomach cancer cells,71 and trigger apoptosis in liver,67,77 stomach,71 colon,72-73 breast,73-74 leukemia75 and skin cancer cells.76

Animal experiments have verified naringenin can inhibit the growth of oral,19 stomach,78 lung 81 and brain tumors,80 prevent the spread of breast tumors 79 and trigger apoptosis in brain tumors.82

Synergistic enhancement of the anti-cancer effects of naringenin can be obtained by combining it with either curcumin 83 or vitamin E,84 and one study reports that nano-encapsulated naringenin exhibits “significantly higher” antioxidant and anticancer properties than naringenin in free form.86

Naringenin has a “promising safety profile”133 and remarkably, it maintains its cancer-killing effects even in the presence of the environmental toxin bisphenol A.85

Hesperidin:

In vitro, hesperidin can inhibit the growth of breast,134-135 immune,138 leukemia,140-141 and lung cancer cells,143 the spread of skin cancer cells,136 and trigger apoptosis in breast,135,144 immune,138 colon,139 leukemia,140-141 liver 137,142 and lung cancer cells.143

Animal studies have confirmed hesperidin can inhibit the growth of colon,145 lung,146 bladder,147 oral,148-149 throat 150 and stomach tumors, and trigger apoptosis in stomach 151 and colon tumors.152

One study compared the medicinal potencies of a number of citrus flavonoids and found that hesperidin exerted a more powerful anti-cancer effect than neohesperidin, naringin and naringenin.137 With that in mind, Tunisian researchers reported in 2016 that concentrations of hesperidin were greater in organically-grown oranges than in oranges grown conventionally.6

A safety study from 1990 fed rats dietary concentrations of 0%, 1.25% or 5% methyl hesperidin for two years and concluded that the substance “lacked any carcinogenicity” in rats.193

Additional Health Effects

Antibacterial:

· Naringin exerts a “robust antibacterial effect”21

· Hesperidin inhibits growth of bifidobacteria 153

Antioxidant:

· Naringin neutralizes the toxic effects of herbicide paraquat 22

· Naringin prevents kidney and liver damage from acetaminophen 23 and sodium arsenite 24

· Naringin prevents chemotherapy-induced kidney 25 and lung damage 26

· Naringin reverses side effects of HIV medication 29-30

· Naringenin prevents damage from lead108 and endotoxin 87

· Hesperidin prevents chemically-induced kidney damage 155-158

· Hesperidin prevents chemotherapy-induced liver damage 161

Antiviral:

· Naringin 28 and naringenin 93 inhibit infection by sindbis virus28

· Naringenin reduces hepatitis C virus secretions from infected cells by 80%92

· Hesperidin prevents replication of influenza A virus 162

· Hesperidin inhibits infection by canine distemper virus 163 and rotavirus 164

· Hesperidin inhibits combined viral-bacterial infections 165

Arthritis:

· Naringin prevents inflammation associated with arthritis 31-34

· Naringenin prevents inflammatory pain in mice 94-95

· Hesperidin prevents chemically-induced arthritis 154,166-167

Asthma:

· Naringin significantly reduces coughing (associated with a type of asthma that causes chronic coughing)63

Bone Health:

· Naringin prevents the destruction of cartilage 38

· Naringin,35-36 naringenin 96-99 and hesperidin 168-170 prevent bone loss and accelerate bone formation

Brain Health:

· Naringin reverses chemically-induced memory deficits 39-41,47

· Naringin improves brain function in mice with Alzheimer’s disease 42-43

· Naringin prevents brain degeneration in rats with Parkinson’s disease 44-46

· Naringin prevents chemically-induced seizures 48

· Naringenin reduces anxiety caused by lead poisoning 89

· Naringenin prevents brain damage caused by neurotoxins 90 and iron 102

· Naringenin prevents Alzheimer’s disease 100

· Naringenin improves learning and memory in rats with Alzheimer’s disease 101

· Naringenin prevents cognitive decline in rats with Parkinson’s disease 103

· Hesperidin prevents brain damage from pesticides,171 heavy metals,172 and other poisons 174

· Hesperidin prevents cognitive impairment in mice with Alzheimer’s disease 173

· Hesperidin prevents brain damage caused by ionizing radiation 188

Cooking:

· Naringenin prevents toxic acrylamides from forming in food during high-heat cooking 132

Dental Health:

· Naringin remineralizes root caries (cavities) in teeth 37

Depression:

· Naringenin produces antidepressant-like behavior in rats 106-107

· Naringenin 105 and hesperidin 175-177 exert potent antidepressant effects

Detoxification:

· Naringenin chelates lead from the body 108

Diabetes:

· Naringin prevents scarring of the heart caused by diabetes 49

· Naringenin prevents kidney damage caused by diabetes 52,109

· Naringenin improves glucose metabolism 110-111

· Naringin improves insulin sensitivity 50-51

· Hesperidin reduces diabetes and its complications 178

Digestive Health:

· Naringenin an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease 120-121

· Naringenin prevents defects of the intestinal barrier 122

Exercise:

· Naringin in combination with treadmill exercise is more effective at increasing bone strength and density than either therapy alone 53

· Hesperidin synergistically enhances the health benefits of exercise 179

Eye Health:

· Naringenin eye drops prevent chemically-induced retinal damage 91

· Hesperidin prevents eye damage caused by chemotherapy 159

Food Production:

· Naringin and Hesperidin fed to chickens elevates antioxidant levels in chicken meat; are "important additives for both the consumer and the industry."27

Headaches:

· Drynaria quercifolia (a plant containing naringin) alleviates painful inflammatory conditions, like headache 54

· Hesperidin may be useful for treating migraines 180

Healing:

· Naringin 55 and hesperidin 191 accelerate wound healing

Heart Health:

· Naringin 56 and naringenin 113 prevent arterial plaque formation

· Naringinen reduces arterial stiffness 112

· Naringenin prevents thickening of the heart muscle 114

Immune System:

· Naringenin boosts the immune system 115-116

· Naringenin significantly enhances anti-cancer immunity 117-119

· Hesperidin enhances immune systems of mice 181 and irradiated mice 189

· Hesperidin enhances immune systems of broiler chickens 182

Obesity:

· Naringin significantly decreases fat mass 57,59

· Naringin prevents formation of new fat tissue 58

· Naringenin reduces body fat and suppresses weight gain 123-125

· Hesperidin improves lipid metabolism in humans 183-184

Radiation protective:

· Naringin protects skin from ultraviolet B radiation 61

· Naringin 60 and naringenin126 prevent genetic damage caused by ionizing radiation

· Naringenin prevents skin aging and wrinkle formation caused by ultraviolet B radiation 127-129

· Naringenin added to conventional sunscreen reduces its toxicity 130

· Hesperidin reduces damage caused by whole-body gamma ray irradiation 185

· Hesperidin prevents ultraviolet B radiation damage 186-187

Sexual Health:

· Naringenin aids the process of conception 104

· Naringenin prevents testicle damage caused by insecticides 88

· Hesperidin prevents testicle and sperm damage caused by chemotherapy 160

Skin Health:

· Naringin 62 and hesperidin 192 promote the production of skin-protective melanin

· Naringenin “should be introduced into cosmetic products as natural tanning agents.”131

Other:

· A mixture of citrus flavonoids Hesperidin, Troxerutin, and Diosmin applied to hemmorhoids reduces pain, bleeding and swelling in humans 190

Modified Citrus Pectin

Pectin is a complex of sugar molecules (polysaccharide) heavily concentrated in the pulp and peel of citrus fruit. Because of its gelling properties, pectin is a traditional ingredient used for making marmalades and jams.

Pectin’s long-branched chains of polysaccharides make it virtually indigestible by humans, but researchers have discovered ways to modify pectin so it can be easily absorbed into the blood stream. Once in the bloodstream, modified citrus pectin (MCP) has proven useful for treating a number of conditions, including cancer.317 Although heat treatment and pH modifications are commonly used to create modified citrus pectin,315 high-intensity ultrasound is also effective and is said to be more ‘environmentally friendly.’316

“The more we learn about MCP, the more impressive it becomes,” said Dr. Isaac Eliaz. “With its ability to control aggressive cancers, reduce inflammation, enhance immunity, chelate heavy metals and work synergistically with a variety of chemotherapeutic agents, it has earned an important role within anti-cancer and chronic disease protocols.”367

Modified Citrus Pectin vs. Cancer

Scientists have observed modified citrus pectin prevent the growth of prostate cancer cells 320,322 and trigger apoptosis in lung,321 liver,321 prostate322 and eight other types of cancer cells.323

Co-administration of modified citrus pectin with two herbal products have revealed synergistic inhibitory effects on the spread of breast and prostate cancer in vitro.324 Modified citrus pectin can also eliminate chemotherapy resistance 325 and increase the apoptosis-inducing effects of chemotherapy in cell cultures.326

Modified citrus pectin can prevent the growth of skin 327 and sarcoma tumors in mice; including a 51% reduction in tumor size and increased survival compared to control mice.323 Another study reported a 70% reduction in colon tumor size in mice after 20 days of MCP treatment.332 Also in animals, the spread of breast,328 prostate,329 skin330 and colon tumors can be inhibited by as much as 90% using modified citrus pectin.331

Scientists from the Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran’s Hospital in Missouri discovered that MCP prevents cancer metastasis by inhibiting circulating tumor cells from adhering and establishing themselves onto distal body tissues.318 Another mechanism behind MCP’s therapeutic effects is the inhibition of a substance called Galectin-3, which is involved in inflammation, fibrosis, heart disease, stroke and cancer.319

Studies report modified citrus pectin has no adverse side effects,339 including one study in which 15 grams MCP was administered daily to humans for 12 consecutive months.340

Additional Health Effects

Antioxidant:

· MCP prevents liver fibrosis 334

· MCP prevents kidney injury 335

· MCP prevents damage caused by endotoxin 336

Arthritis:

· MCP is “a therapeutic approach for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis”337

Detoxification:

· MCP dramatically increases urinary excretion of arsenic, cadmium and lead in humans 338

· MCP safely and dramatically detoxifies lead from children 339

· MCP reduces toxic heavy metal burden in humans by an average of 74%340

Heart Health:

· MCP “may represent a new promising therapeutic option in heart failure”341

· MCP decreases cardiovascular fibrosis and inflammation 342-344

· Galectin-3 inhibition “causes decreased atherosclerosis”345

Immune System:

· MCP enhances anti-cancer immunity 346

Inflammation:

· MCP reduces inflammation and pain after spinal nerve injury 333

Obesity:

· MCP prevents production of new fat tissue 347

Vitamin C

Although vitamin C (aka ascorbic acid or ascorbate) wasn’t officially discovered until 1928 by Hungarian biochemist Albert Szent-Gyorgyi,194 the manifestations of its deficiency, known as scurvy,195 were first documented by the physician Hippocrates in ancient Greece (460BC-370BC).368 In 1945, scientists from the University of Wisconsin found that when they deprived monkeys of vitamin C for just a few weeks, various dental issues including bleeding gums, loosening of the teeth and the formation of heavy tartar deposits were induced.196

The effects of supplemental vitamin C are highly-dependent on the dose administered. In low doses, vitamin C behaves as an anti-oxidant, helping the body neutralize toxins and eliminate waste products. And in high doses, vitamin C acts as a pro-oxidant that can selectively target unhealthy and even cancerous cells.197 High-doses of intravenous vitamin C have been used to treat cancer since the 1970s.200

Vitamin C vs. Cancer

One thing cancer patients all have in common is significantly depleted levels of vitamin C.222 Remarkably, some researchers have said that vitamin C might be the most important nutritional factor needed by the body to resist cancer; “There is increasing recognition that resistance to cancer depends, to a certain extent, upon the availability of certain nutritional factors, of which ascorbic acid appears to be the most important,” wrote scientist Ewan Cameron in 1982.201

An epidemiological study of people in Northern Italy reported that vitamin C intake has “possible protective activity” against skin cancer 202 and greater consumption of antioxidants was associated with less aggressive prostate cancer in the United States.203 A 2014 systematic review by Chinese researchers concluded that low doses of vitamins, specifically vitamins A, C and E, can significantly reduce the risk of stomach cancer.204

In vitro studies have confirmed vitamin C can trigger apoptosis in colon,206-207,214 breast,207 skin,208 blood, bone marrow,209 Ehrlich acites carcinoma,205 melanoma 220 and four types of malignant mesothelioma cancer cells.213

Co-administration of vitamin C and vitamin B2 can synergistically enhance apoptosis in multiple types of cancer cells.210 Vitamin C loaded into tiny bubbles of fat (lipid nanoparticles) was shown to enter into cells more efficiently than free vitamin C 219 and vitamin C affixed to nano-sized polymer carriers has been shown to trigger apoptosis in brain cancer cells.218

In animals, vitamin C can prevent the growth of lung, skin,211 ovarian, pancreatic, brain,212 malignant mesothelioma,213 colon 214 and sarcoma tumors,215 and can trigger apoptosis in liver tumors.216 A nutrient mixture containing lysine, vitamin C, proline, green tea extract and other micronutrients fed to tumor-bearing mice “demonstrated a potent inhibition of [cervical] tumor growth.”217

A Closer Look…

An American group of scientists from Kansas administered 500mg/kg/day sodium ascorbate to liver tumor-bearing guinea pigs in 2006. Results showed that “Subcutaneous injections of ascorbate (500 mg/kg/day) inhibited tumor growth by as much as sixty-five percent, with oral supplementation reducing it by roughly fifty percent.”216

In 1994, researchers from the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine induced tumors in mice and treated them with high-doses of vitamin C along with variations in diet. Results showed that survival could be increased by up to 20-times simply by adjusting the animal’s nutritional intake.221

Two-time Nobel Prize winner Linus Pauling and surgeon Ewan Cameron administered 10 grams/day of vitamin C to terminal cancer patients in 1976 and found that survival was increased “more than 4.2 times” compared to patients who weren’t given vitamin C.222 Other studies have confirmed vitamin C can increase survival and significantly improve the quality of life of terminal cancer patients.223-225

How does vitamin C exert its beneficial effects? When blood levels of vitamin C are maintained at a consistently high level, it is absorbed into cancerous tissue where it produces hydrogen peroxide that kills cancer cells.199

Safety

Thanks to the work of Dr. Frederick R. Klenner, it has been known for over 70 years that vitamin C doses as high as 300,000mg (300 grams) per day in humans are safe and modern research has confirmed this finding.205,209,212,224,225,235,260

A Korean study from 2007 acknowledged that vitamin C “is considered a safe and effective therapy”225 and a 2008 study from the National Institutes of Health found that high-doses of vitamin C displayed “cytotoxicity toward a variety of cancer cells in vitro without adversely affecting normal cells.”212

One thing to be aware of is that vitamin C can increase the absorption of iron,307-309 which in small amounts is essential, but like all heavy metals, becomes toxic in excess 311 and can diminish the effectiveness of vitamin C treatment.310 For these reasons, oral supplementation of vitamin C is probably best without food and to lower existing iron levels in the body, iron-chelating substances such as tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline 312 or curcumin 369 can be used.

Oral vs. Intravenous

There is some controversy surrounding the efficacy of various vitamin C administration methods. While Dr. Mark Levine of the NIH claims that "...only injected ascorbate might deliver the concentrations needed to see an anti-tumor effect,"313 Dr. Steve Hickey has said, "it is not clear that intravenous vitamin C necessarily provides an advantage over oral supplements in the treatment of cancer.”314

When the body is given a high enough dose of vitamin C intravenously, much of it goes unused and is excreted in the urine, according to Dr. Hickey. Furthermore, he makes the case that high-doses of orally administered vitamin C might even be more effective.314

While Dr. Levine claims that maximum blood levels of vitamin C are 200μM/L, Dr. Hickey maintains he has been able to generate blood levels of around 250μM/L with a single 5 gram oral dose of vitamin C and blood levels above 400μM/L with a single oral dose of liposomal vitamin C.314

Dose

For many people, a single oral dose of 2 grams of vitamin C will cause a laxative effect and anything more will be eliminated from the body. Interestingly, bowel tolerance is said to increase dramatically when a person is ill.314 In other words, a person who would normally be able to tolerate only 2 grams might be able to tolerate 100-times that amount when sick.

Maximum blood levels of orally-ingested vitamin C can be achieved by consuming about 3 grams every four hours. Since vitamin C is only active in the body for a few hours, frequent doses are critical to maintain consistently high blood levels.

Success Stories

Dr. Victor Marcial, radiation oncologist:

"We studied patients with advanced cancer (stage 4). 40 patients received 40,000-75,000 mg intravenously several times a week. These are patients that have not responded to other treatments. The initial tumor response rate was achieved in 75% of patients, defined as a 50% reduction or more in tumor size... Once you start using IV vitamin C, the effect is so dramatic that it is difficult to go back to not using it."

Linus Pauling, 2x Nobel Prize Laureate:

"I became interested in vitamin C and cancer in 1971 and began working with Ewan Cameron, M.B., Ch.B., chief surgeon at Vale of Leven Hospital in Scotland. Cameron gave 10 grams of vitamin C a day to patients with untreatable, terminal cancer. These patients were then compared by Cameron and me to patients with the same kind of cancer at the same terminal stage who were being treated in the same hospital but by other doctors-doctors who didn't give vitamin C, but instead just gave conventional treatments. Cameron's terminal cancer patients lived far longer compared to the ones who didn't get 10 grams a day of vitamin C. The other patients lived an average of six months after they were pronounced terminal, while Cameron's patients lived an average of about six years."

Dr. Irwin Stone, American biochemist, chemical engineer:

"In one case where complete remission was achieved in myelogenous leukemia… the patient took 24-42 gms vitamin c per day… it is inconceivable that no-one appears to have followed this up… without the scurvy, leukemia may be a relatively benign, non-fatal condition. I wrote a paper… in an attempt to have the therapy clinically tested… I sent it to 3 cancer journals and 3 blood journals… it was refused by all… Two without even reading it."

Additional Health Effects

Antioxidant:

· Vitamin C is an antidote for snake venom 228

· Vitamin C cures carbon monoxide poisoning 233

· Vitamin C cures mushroom poisoning 229

· Vitamin C prevents damage caused by agricultural fungicides 230 and insecticides 231

· Vitamin C prevents liver damage caused by dexmedetomidine 236

· Vitamin C prevents damage caused by monosodium glutamate 237

· Vitamin C prevents damage caused by methylmercury,238 formaldehyde 239 and endotoxin 241-242,245-246,248

· Vitamin C prevents chemically-induced ulcer formation in rats 240

· Vitamin C prevents septic organ injury in mice 243

· Vitamin C prevents alcohol-induced liver fibrosis in mice 244

· Vitamin C prevents the formation of nitric oxide 247

· Vitamin C prevents kidney 249 and liver damage 250-251 caused by chemotherapy

Antiviral:

· Vitamin C “kills influenza virus”252

· Vitamin C shortens duration of the common cold, pneumonia, malaria and diarrhea infections 253

· Vitamin C suppresses HIV replication by infected cells 254

· Vitamin C successfully treats polio, hepatitis, mononucleosis, diphtheria, herpes zoster, herpes simplex, chicken pox, influenza, measles, mumps and viral pneumonia 255-256

· Vitamin C successfully treats Epstein-Barr virus 257

· Vitamin C resolves all symptoms of Chikungunya fever in two days260

Arthritis:

· Elevated free radicals and oxidative stress found in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis 227

Bone Health:

· Vitamin C prevents bone loss 261

· Vitamin C improves bone mineral density in postmenopausal women 262-264

· Vitamin C is “a skeletal anabolic agent”265

· Vitamin A, C and E decrease risk of hip fracture 266

Brain Health:

· Vitamin C prevents brain damage caused by methamphetamine,267 insecticides 268-269 and glutamate 270

· Vitamin C deficiency increases risk of seizures 271

· Vitamin C (and zinc) deficiencies impair the physical and mental growth of children 287

· Vitamin C levels in patients with severe Parkinson’s disease were “significantly lower”272

Depression:

· Vitamin C reduces anxiety levels in highschool students after 14 days of supplementing 500mg 276

Detoxification:

· Vitamin C chelates lead from the bloodstream 277

· Vitamin C reduces blood levels of chemical pollutants 232

Diabetes:

· Vitamin C reduces fasting blood sugar in diabetics 278,280

· Vitamin C significantly lowers needed insulin dose for blood sugar control 279

Exercise:

· Vitamin C and low-intensity exercise prevent seizures 281

· Vitamin C has anti-seizure effects in rats performing endurance swimming 282

· Vitamin C improves blood flow and oxygen use in muscles 283

Food Production:

· Vitamin C improves growth performance and enhances stress resistance in fish 303

Headaches:

· Vitamin C and Pinus Radiata bark extract ingested for 12 months reduces headache severity and frequency by 50%284

Healing:

· Vitamin C accelerates healing 301

· Vitamin C enhances cell survival and DNA repair in human fibroblasts exposed to x-rays 299

Heart Health:

· Vitamin C decreases length of hospital stay in patients following cardiac surgery 304

Immune System:

· Vitamin C enhances anti-cancer immunity 285,289-292

· Vitamin C significantly enhances immunity 286,288

Inflammation:

· Vitamin C reduces inflammation 226

Lifespan:

· Antioxidant-rich diet extends survival of mice exposed to endotoxin 234

· Vitamin C extends lifespan of tetanus patients 258-259

Obesity:

· Vitamin C intake reduces obesity in women 293

Radiation protective:

· Vitamin C prevents damage caused by ionizing radiation 294,297-298

· Vitamin C and vitamin E synergistically prevent damage caused by ionizing radiation 295

· Vitamin C and melatonin synergistically prevent damage caused by ionizing radiation 296

Sexual Health:

· Vitamin C “significantly improves sperm concentration and mobility”274

· Vitamin C prevents infertility in rats subjected to forced swimming stress 275

· Vitamin C promotes a healthy pregnancy 273

Sleep:

· Vitamin C prevents spatial memory impairment in rats following sleep deprivation 300

Other:

· Vitamin C resolves symptoms of burning mouth syndrome in humans 302

· Vitamin C diminishes microparticle elevations caused by SCUBA diving 305

· Vitamin C prevents complex regional pain syndrome in humans 306

Orange Juice

If an orange contains all the medicines we’ve investigated above, then one would expect orange juice to also have substantial therapeutic value.

Orange Juice vs Cancer

Although studies are limited, scientists have investigated the therapeutic effects of orange juice on cancer cell cultures and in animals. In vitro studies have confirmed orange juice can trigger apoptosis in two types of blood cancer cells.348

In vivo, researchers have experimentally induced tumors in rats and then replaced their water with orange juice to determine its effects. Results show that orange juice can inhibit the growth of breast,349 colon,350-352 tongue and lung tumors,352 and can trigger apoptosis in colon tumors.350

A Closer Look…

In 2015, Brazilian researchers incubated two types of blood cancer cells with orange juice – one with the juice of a red-fleshed sweet orange and the other with juice from a blond orange - for 24-hours and observed the results. At the end of the study, both varieties of orange juice were found to induce apoptosis in the blood cancer cells.348

Mandarin orange juice was tested on rats induced with three types of cancers in a 2012 Japanese study from the Journal of Biomedicine & Biotechnology. Citrus juices from the Satsuma mandarin orange were found to inhibit the formation of chemically-induced colon, tongue and lung tumors in rats.352

Canadian scientists from Western University in London, Ontario, chemically-induced breast tumors in rats and fed them orange juice to determine if it could prevent cancer formation. Published in the journal Nutrition and Cancer in 1996, results showed that rats given orange juice “had a smaller tumor burden than controls.”349

Additional Health Effects

Antibacterial:

· Tangerine juice concentrate is effective for “controlling unwanted microbial growth”353

Antioxidant:

· Orange juice consumption results in a “marked antioxidant effect”355-356

Bone Health:

· Orange juice increases bone strength in rats 358

· Orange juice increases bone mineral density in children and adults 357

Exercise:

· Orange juice prevents exercise-induced hypoxia 359

· Orange juice improves physical performance in overweight women 360

Heart Health:

· Fermented orange juice reduces cardiovascular risk factors 361

Immune System:

· Orange juice enhances the immune system 362

Inflammation:

· Orange juice reduces inflammation 354

Obesity:

· Orange juice associated with healthier body composition in adults 363

· Orange juice decreases risk of obesity 364

· Orange juice prevents fatty liver disease 365

COCONUT OIL

Coconut is a fruit, a seed and a nut that grows on palm trees in over 90 different countries worldwide.1 Its meat, juice, milk and oil have been staples in the diets of many cultures for generations.2

The word coconut is derived from the 16th century Portuguese and Spanish word coco, meaning “head” or “skull,” because the three indentations on its hairy shell resemble a face.3

Coconut oil consists of about 93% saturated fat, 4% monounsaturated fat and 3% unsaturated fat.4 Understanding the role of dietary fat in health and disease is essential for understanding cancer.

Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fat

Due to its high content of saturated fatty acids, coconut oil is stable and protected from reacting with oxygen (oxidation). Romanian researchers tested the stability of coconut oil in 2012 by storing it at room temperature for one full year. When the year was up, they analyzed the coconut oil and found, “The physic-chemical oxidation of this oil keeped [sic] at room temperature was negligible.”5 In other words, coconut oil can sit at room temperature for at least a year without becoming rancid, making it “suitable for the preservation of medicinal plants and for wound treatment”6 and desirable to commercial interests such as baking industries, processed foods, infant formulae, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.7 Since coconut oil is one of the least vulnerable dietary oils to oxidation and free-radical formation, “…it is therefore the safest to use in cooking,” wrote scientists from Columbia University in 1992.8

Conversely, unsaturated fatty acids are highly unstable and easily react with oxygen.9 When an unsaturated fatty acid is oxidized, a number of toxic breakdown products can be formed;10 including prostaglandin E2, which “dominantly enables progressive tumor growth.”11-12 Unsaturated fats include oils that are liquid at room temperature like corn, soy, canola, hemp, flax, sunflower, safflower, peanut and fish oil. In 1990, researchers demonstrated that feeding 20% corn oil diets to rats produced more prostaglandin E2 than feeding them diets containing 19% coconut oil and 1% corn oil.13

Interestingly, the most unsaturated of all dietary fats – omega-3 and omega-6 – are the ones that health ‘authorities’ (and corporations selling them) claim are essential. In 1981, researchers from the University of Texas Health Science Center discovered that by not feeding mice any ‘essential’ fatty acids, autoimmune disease was prevented and their lifespans were increased.14 Looking at the immune system, we find that unsaturated fats inhibit anti-cancer immunity and saturated fats promote anti-cancer immunity.95,250

Experiments have shown that unsaturated fatty acids inhibit the growth of the human fetus 15 and, in the absence of omega-3 and omega-6, both short-term and long-term memory of the fetus are improved.16 In a 2016 study, Taiwanese scientists reported that ‘essential’ unsaturated fats from fish oil (omega-3) are toxic to the aging brain,17 and as it turns out: fish oil isn’t even good for fish! Researchers who fed salmon highly unsaturated fat diets “enriched” with DHA or EPA in an experiment from 2003 discovered, “an increased incidence of oxidative stress” in the livers of the fish.18

The detrimental effects of unsaturated fats on the heart build an even stronger case for its dietary avoidance. “Atherosclerotic plaques readily incorporate n-3 [omega-3] PUFAs from fish-oil supplementation”19 and continued consumption leads to a linear increase in arterial plaque buildup.20 “Men advised to eat oily fish, and particularly those supplied with fish oil capsules, had a higher risk of cardiac death,”21 reported UK researchers in 2003.

To put it into perspective, New Zealand researchers conducted a 2014 review on the use of fish oil supplements based on 18 random controlled trials and 6 meta-analysis’ published between January 2005 and December 2012. Of 16 publications that focused on the relationship between fish oil supplementation and cardiovascular health, only two reported benefits from fish oil.22

Saturated Fat Protects the Heart

One of the many popular myths taught in school and on television is that saturated fat causes heart disease. Examining the diets and subsequent health of native cultures worldwide reveals a very different reality. People living in the country of Azerbaijan are famous for being long-lived; the most famous among them, according to Soviet authorities, was Shirali Muslimov, who died at the age of 168 in 1973.23 A 1991 study on the Azerbaijani people revealed their dietary staples were fresh fruit, vegetables and fermented milk products. Perhaps most importantly, their diets contained a low ratio of unsaturated to saturated fats.24

The island-dwelling Polynesian populations near the equator known as Pukapuka and Tokelau obtain 63% and 34% of their nutrition from coconut, respectively. A 1981 study revealed that despite consumption of large quantities of saturated fat, their rates of cardiovascular disease were nearly non-existent. “Vascular disease is uncommon in both populations and there is no evidence of the high saturated fat intake having a harmful effect in these populations.”25

In 1978, Sri Lankan’s were consuming coconut oil as their main dietary fat and had the lowest death rate from ischemic heart disease in the world.26 “All available population studies show that dietary coconut oil does not lead to high serum cholesterol nor to high coronary heart disease mortality or morbidity rate,” concluded American and Filipino researchers in 1992.27

For decades, the belief that ‘saturated fat causes heart disease’ has been echoed as if it were fact, yet scientific studies have never proven a link between saturated fat intake and cardiovascular disease.28 In 2013, Cardiologist Dr. Aseem Malhotra of the Croydon University Hospital in London, England wrote, “The mantra that saturated fat must be removed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease has dominated dietary advice and guidelines for almost four decades. Yet scientific evidence shows that this advice has, paradoxically, increased our cardiovascular risks.”29 Two years later, another study was published in the highly-esteemed British Medical Journal that concluded, “Saturated fats are not associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, or type 2 diabetes...”30 Dietary saturated fats protect the heart and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.31

Coconut Oil vs. Cancer

It has been known since at least 1945 that unsaturated fats are strong promoters of tumors and that saturated fats, like coconut oil, protect against tumor formation. When scientists from the University of Wisconsin fed rats a 5% corn oil diet for 6 months, 80% of the rats developed tumors. When they fed another group of rats a diet containing 4.7% hydrogenated (100% saturated) coconut oil, “no liver tumors developed by 6 months.”32

A few decades later, researchers compared the effects of either 20% safflower oil or 20% coconut oil diets on tumor growth in mice. After four months, “the high-oleic safflower oil group had significantly more tumors than did the coconut oil group.”33 Since then, research has repeatedly demonstrated that tumor-induced animals fed the least amount of unsaturated fats formed the least amount of tumors.36,39-42,90-92,95

A Closer Look…

A 1992 review from Michigan State University reported, “as the fat content of the diet is increased from a low or standard level to a high level, a consistent and substantial increase in the development of rodent mammary gland tumors is observed.” This effect was found to be largely dependent on the type of fat consumed. “High dietary levels of unsaturated fats (e.g., corn oil, sunflower-seed oil) stimulate this tumorigenic process more than high levels of saturated fats (e.g., beef tallow, coconut oil).”40

A group of researchers from the University of South Carolina examined the effects of high fat diets on rats induced with colon cancer in 2016. Published in the American Journal of Physiology, “we found an inverse association between SF [saturated fat] content and tumor burden.” In other words, the more saturated the fat fed to rats, the less colon tumors they developed. Furthermore, “we found that high SF [saturated fat] content was protective,” and “there was a decrease in mortality in mice consuming the highest concentration of SFAs [saturated fatty acids].”42

Both the type and the amount of fat are important considerations when devising a cancer-preventive diet. Low fat diets and high saturated fat diets both represent a low intake of unsaturated fat and are therefore similarly effective in preventing tumor formation; the less unsaturated fat in the diet, the less likely a tumor will form.

Beginning in 1978, a series of studies were published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute that looked at the effects of dietary fat on tumor growth. Their conclusions were as follows:

1978: “Compared to animals fed diets rich in safflower oil, animals that ate coconut oil-rich diets survived longer.”34

1981: “…the higher tumor yields were associated with increased unsaturation of mammary tissue phospholipids.”35

1984: High-fat corn or safflower oil diets produced more colon tumors in mice than low-fat corn or safflower oil diets. Olive oil, coconut oil and MCT had “no promoting effect on tumor incidence”37

1986: Rats fed high-fat safflower or corn oil diets “exhibited enhanced mammary tumor yields” compared to animals fed high-fat olive, coconut or low-fat diets.38

The National Cancer Institute, “the nation’s leader in cancer research,”251 published these studies in what was at the time their official journal. Why wasn’t the public notified of these findings? If they had been, tens of millions of lives could have been saved and the “war on cancer” would be long over. The blood cannot be washed from their hands.

Success Stories

Entrepreneur Julie Figueroa of Maryland, Ohio was running a computer company in New York and owned an internet company in the Philippines in 1998. That same year she had an annual checkup with her doctor and was given a clean bill of health. “A few months later I began feeling a strange sensation in my breast late October that developed into a sharp pain.” She went back to her doctor and was immediately referred to an oncologist for testing. “I was told I had a very aggressive form of breast cancer and needed surgery immediately.” With no history of cancer in Julie’s family, this news came as a shock to her. “Before going through with the mastectomy I wanted a second opinion.”

Julie went to a second specialist but they told her the same thing. She kept trying to find a doctor who would give her a better option and “finally, the fifth doctor told it to me straight, ‘you don’t have a choice. We don’t even know if we can still save you. You are at stage 4, the most serious stage, we need to do the surgery immediately.’”

Julie went through with the operation to remove her breast and afterwards underwent several months of chemotherapy. Doctors told her the cancer was under control but wasn’t completely gone so they kept her on medication afterwards. Julie decided to go back to the Philippines where she owned a farm that happened to be filled with coconut palm trees.

In 2011, she began to experience painful headaches; “They became so severe that I felt like the bones in my skull were being fractured.” She went to her doctor in the Philippines and had an x-ray taken. When she went back the next day for her results, several doctors met with her and said they had never seen anything like the cancer she had. “Almost half my skull looks like cheese that had been eaten by rats,” described Julie. When she asked what her chances of survival were, they replied, “In the Philippines, at your stage… none.”

Julie took the next flight back to the United States and went to see her doctor that same day, who scheduled her for emergency surgery to remove the hairline cancer close to the main artery of her brain. Unfortunately, 20% of the cancer was in the back of her skull over her main artery and could not be removed. “My chances of survival were grim. I knew I’d better make the most of the time I had remaining.”

After several months of recovery following surgery, Julie returned to her farm in the Philippines to visit her family. “I was really weak and would just sit on the hill watching the farmers work among the coconut trees planting coffee seedlings.” She knew she needed to do something to strengthen her immune system and wanted to plant a medicinal herb garden. “I started doing research on what medicinal plants I should grow that would boost my immune system…Just about that time, I came across some research on coconut oil.” She read about the clinical trials in the Philippines where coconut oil was used to cure AIDS patients and figured it might also work for her.

“I started taking 3 to 4 tablespoons of oil a day plus whatever I used in preparing my meals,” she explained. “I would add it to my oatmeal in the morning, put it in my hot chocolate, cook my meals in it. I also snacked on fresh coconut and drank coconut juice.”

By July, Julie hadn’t been back for a checkup in nearly six months and was asked to return home. She flew back to the US and to the complete surprise of her doctors, her cancer was in remission. They asked her what she had done. “I told them I found a cure: virgin coconut oil.”

As a child, Julie had grown up around coconut trees in the Philippines. Her grandmother used to make coconut oil from fresh coconuts, but she never used it because she was told saturated fats were unhealthy. So instead her family used corn and soybean oil. “I had coconut oil around me all my life. It took getting cancer and a desperate search for a cure that made me rediscover this miracle oil.”43

Additional Health Effects

Antibacterial:

· Lipolyzed coconut oil inhibits growth of clostridium difficile bacteria 44

· Coconut oil inhibits growth of staphylococcus aureus bacteria 45

Antifungal:

· Coconut oil exhibits “significant antifungal activity”46-47

Antioxidant:

· Coconut oil increases antioxidant status in rats 48-49

· Coconut oil reduces damage caused by numerous poisons,50-52 including chemotherapy 53

Antiviral:

· Coconut oil reduces viral load of HIV patients 54-55

Arthritis:

· Coconut oil reduces inflammation in arthritis-induced rats 56

Bone Health:

· Coconut oil maintains bone structure and prevents bone loss 57-58

Brain Health:

· Coconut oil improves brain function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease 59

· Coconut oil drastically improves life of 74-year-old man with Parkinson’s 60

Dental Health:

· Coconut oil pulling decreases plaque formation and gingivitis 62,64

· Coconut oil pulling inhibits streptococcus mutans in saliva 63

Diabetes:

· Coconut oil prevents diabetes in rats chemically-induced with diabetes 65

· Virgin coconut oil prevents insulin-resistance in rats 66

Exercise:

· Coconut oil with exercise training improves impaired baroreflex sensitivity 67

Eyes:

· Virgin coconut oil can safely be used as eye drops 68

Farming:

· Coconut oil improves skeletal growth and fecal scores in jersey calves 69

· Replacing 75% of dietary soybean oil with coconut oil reduces fat in broiler chickens 70

Food Industry:

· Ionizing radiation (used for food preservation) “had little effect on the fatty acid compositions of saturated fats (lard and coconut oil)… but caused destruction of 98% of the highly unsaturated acids…”71

Hair:

· Coconut oil prewash conditioner prevents cuticle damage caused by wet combing 72

· Coconut oil conditioner prevents hair damage caused by bleaching and exposing hair to boiling water for 2 hours 73

· Coconut oil and anise spray “significantly more effective” than the most commonly used lice shampoo permethrin 74

Healing:

· Coconut oil applied topically to wounds accelerates healing 75

Heart Health:

· Coconut oil prevents blood pressure elevation and improves blood vessel function 76

Immune System:

· Unsaturated fat inhibits anti-cancer immunity95

· Coconut oil maintains anti-cancer immunity95

Liver Health:

· Coconut oil protects liver from chemical damage 249

Metabolism:

· Coconut oil helps maintain a healthy metabolism 77

Obesity:

· Coconut oil (2 tablespoons per day for 12 weeks) reduces waist circumference;78-79 body weight, body mass index and neck circumference 80-81

Radiation Protective:

· Coconut oil blocks out about 20% of UV rays 82

Reproduction:

· Coconut oil massage improves weight gain in newborns 61

Sexual Health:

· Coconut oil increases testosterone 253

Skin:

· Coconut oil topically treats patients with atopic dermatitis 83

Sleep:

· Partially-hydrogenated coconut oil diet more-than doubles sleeping time in sleep-deficient mice 84

Tumor Microenvironment:

· Coconut oil decreases free radicals 259

· Coconut oil decreases serum free fatty acids 140

· Coconut oil decreases prostaglandins 254

· Coconut oil decreases nitric oxide254

· Coconut oil decreases tumor necrosis factor alpha 103, 254

· Coconut oil decreases interleukin-1 260

· Coconut oil decreases interleukin-6254

· Coconut oil decreases interleukin-8 106

· Coconut oil decreases nuclear factor kappa b230

· Coconut oil decreases estrogen 255

· Coconut oil decreases lactic acid 256

· Coconut oil decreases serotonin 257

· Coconut oil decreases histamine 258

Medium-Chain Triglycerides

Depending on growing conditions, anywhere from 55-72% of coconut fat consists of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs). The four types of MCTs in coconut oil are caproic (0-0.8%), caprylic (5-9%), capric (6-10%), and lauric acids (44-52%).85-86

Medium-chain triglycerides have been described as fats that are rapidly absorbed and oxidized.87-89 The fact that they can be used by the body as efficiently as glucose87 makes them a great alternative fuel source. “Because of their smaller molecular size, MCTs require less bile and pancreatic juices for digestion and absorption than LCTs [Long Chain Triglycerides].” Aside from coconut and palm kernel oils, MCTs are found in only one other place in nature – milk.87

Medium-Chain Triglycerides vs. Cancer

Tumor-bearing mice fed diets high in MCTs were found to have reduced levels of the enzyme fatty acid synthase and also reduced acetyl CoA, similar to tumor free mice, suggesting cancer cell metabolism was restored back to that of normal cells.94

Inflammatory cytokines nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) both play major roles in the development of cancer.99-101 A single dose of corn oil “rapidly activates” NF-κB, which “triggers production of low levels” of TNF-a.102 Interestingly, replacing just 50% of unsaturated fatty acids with MCTs is enough to inhibit the production of TNF-a.103

Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a well-known tumor-growth promoting inflammatory cytokine104 is “substantially increased” in a number of different types of cancer cells.105 “We found for the first time that caprylic acid and MCT suppress IL-8 secretion by Caco-2 cells [colon cancer cells],” reported Japanese researchers in 2002.106

Up to 90% of patients with advanced cancer are affected by anorexia and many also suffer from muscle-wasting (cachexia).252 In mice with induced colon tumors, MCTs shrank tumors and prevented muscle-wasting.91,93

Vitamin D3 dissolved in MCT inhibits the growth of cancer in vitro and in dogs “significantly greater” than Vitamin D3 alone.96-97

And in cancer patients following surgery for gastrointestinal cancer, MCT and protein-enriched nutrition enhanced recovery and reduced their length of hospital stay.98

Safety

Studies suggest that about 25-30 grams of MCTs can be tolerated at a single meal and that larger amounts may cause gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, bloating, gastrointestinal discomfort, abdominal cramps and diarrhea.222 In MCT-treated patients with Alzheimer’s disease, “adverse events observed were mild and included minor gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea, dyspepsia, and flatulence.”128

In one study, 56 grams of MCTs were consumed every day for 24 weeks with no reported side effects,135 and several clinical trials have reported the safety of MCT consumption as high as 1g/kg.223

Success Stories

A 24-year-old woman had a tumor of her lymph nodes that was blocking her lymphatic system and resulted in a recurrent milky fluid leaking into her abdominal cavity (chylous ascites). She was told to restrict fat in her diet and was supplemented with medium-chain triglycerides. At the time her case study was published, she was alive and had been free of abdominal leakage for 2 years.107

Two female brain cancer patients were put on diets containing 60% medium-chain triglycerides for 8 weeks at the University Hospital of Cleveland. Within one week, the growth, spread and progression of cancer in both patients was halted by the diet. “One patient exhibited significant clinical improvements in mood and new skill development during the study. She continued the diet for an additional twelve months and remained free of disease progression.”108

Additional Health Effects

Alcoholism:

· MCTs prevent free radical formation caused by alcohol 109

· MCTs prevent alcohol-induced liver injury 110-111

· “A diet enriched in saturated fatty acids effectively reverses alcohol-induced necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis despite continued alcohol consumption.”112

Antibacterial:

· MCTs inhibit staphylococcus aureus,113 escherichia coli,113 and clostridium difficile bacteria 114

Antifungal:

· MCTs inhibit malassezia fungi 116

Antioxidant:

· MCTs prevent death caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats; “All rats given corn oil died after LPS administration”117

· MCTs reduce oxidative stress caused by surgery 118

Antiviral:

· MCTs inactivate HIV-1, HIV-2,119 herpes simplex virus type 1, respiratory syncytial virus, group b streptococcus virus and haemophilus influenza virus.115

· MCTs prevent diarrhea/wasting caused by HIV virus 120-121

Autism:

· MCTs reduce seizures, obesity, improve brain function and behavior, increase IQ 70-points and cure child of autism 123

Bone Health:

· MCTs improve calcium absorption 124-125

Brain Health:

· MCTs have “long-lasting cognition-enhancing effects in aged dogs”126-127

· MCTs enhance memory 131 and cognition 132 in humans

· MCTs improve brain function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease 128-130,133

Dental Health:

· MCTs inhibit periodontal pathogens 135

Detoxification:

· MCTs detoxify drugs from bloodstream 136

Diabetes:

· MCTs improve insulin sensitivity 137-139

· MCTs stimulate insulin secretion 141-143

Exercise:

· MCTs and exercise synergistically reduce visceral and subcutaneous fat accumulation 144

Do MCT’s Enhance Exercise Performance?

The effects of MCTs on exercise performance in animals and humans have been thoroughly tested, yet the results are extraordinarily inconclusive. Taken before or during endurance exercise and with or without carbohydrates - three studies showed MCTs increase performance,146-148 four showed MCTs provide no performance enhancement,148-151 and two showed MCTs actually have a negative effect on performance.152-153

As I understand it, a healthy person will store carbohydrates in their liver and muscles (called glycogen), and after carbohydrates in the blood have been used up during exercise, glycogen stores will be used for fuel. Once glycogen has been depleted, the body will begin breaking down its own muscle and fat tissues for fuel. Like strapping a hybrid fuel tank onto a car, the question is - can MCT ingestion delay the depletion of glycogen and thereby expand the body’s useable energy supply?

Four studies found that MCT ingestion before or during exercise reduces glycogen depletion,154-157 and five found that MCT ingestion during exercise doesn’t reduce glycogen depletion and thus has no additive effect on overall energy reserves.158-162

South African researchers conducted a review on MCTs for performance enhancement in 1998 and concluded, “In the search for strategies to improve athletic performance, recent interest has focused on several nutritional procedures which may theoretically promote FA [fatty acid] oxidation, attenuate the rate of muscle glycogen depletion and improve exercise capacity… At present, there is insufficient scientific evidence to recommend that athletes either ingest fat, in the form of MCTs, during exercise…”163

Farming:

· Feeding pigs diets containing 15% MCTs “resulted in a lower mortality of newborns and better development, particularly of underweight piglets”164

Healing:

· MCTs enhance wound healing 165

· MCTs help young man survive point-blank .32 caliber gunshot wound 166

Heart Health:

· MCTs improve heart function 168-172

Immune System:

· MCTs enhance immune system 173-176

· MCTs prevent immune system damage caused by soybean oil174-175

Inflammation:

· MCTs reduce inflammation caused by fish oil 122

Intestinal Health:

· MCTs reduce incidence of colitis in mice 177-178

· MCTs decrease gut inflammation 179-180,183

· MCTs reduce mortality and improve symptoms of Waldmann’s disease 181-182

Obesity:

· MCTs cause weight loss in cats 193

· MCTs increase satiety and reduce food intake 196-197

· MCTs reduce body fat accumulation 194-195,198,199,200-205

Fat-Burning Effects of MCT’s

Medium-chain triglycerides have been demonstrated to increase resting energy expenditure (metabolism) in all animal studies 184-186 and most human studies,187-191 for up to 24 hours;192 meaning additional energy will be burnt for a full 24-hours by doing nothing other than eating MCTs.

Radiation protective:

· MCTs reduce damage caused by ionizing radiation 206

· MCTs eliminate chylous ascites caused by pelvic irradiation 207

Reproduction:

· MCTs during pregnancy reduce chances of obesity in offspring later in life 134

· MCTs heal cardiomyopathy and normalize liver function in a newborn baby 167

· MCTs increase metabolic rate, cheek skin temperature and total sleep time in newborn babies 219

Seizures:

· MCTs significantly reduce seizures in animals, children and adults 208-216

Skin:

· MCTs increase skin hydration 217

Thyroid:

· MCTs increase thermogenesis in rodents;87 (thyroid hormone is responsible for thermogenesis 221)

Other:

· MCTs stop eye bleeding after retinal surgery 220

· MCTs preserve dissolved drugs and increase transdermal drug delivery 218

Lauric Acid

While only 2-5% of the fatty acids in cow’s milk are lauric acid, coconut oil is comprised of almost 50% lauric acid.224-226

Lauric Acid vs. Cancer

All saturated fatty acids have antimicrobial properties to varying degrees;233 and lauric acid has a greater antimicrobial potency than all other saturated fatty acids found in nature.234

Studies testing lauric acid specifically on cancer are limited, but the ones that have been conducted are promising. Australian researchers from the University of Adelaide compared the effects of lauric acid vs. short-chain fatty acid butyrate (a saturated fat found in butter) on two types of colon cancer cells in 2013. The results showed, “Lauric acid induced apoptosis in Caco-2 (p < 0.05) and IEC-6 cells” while butyrate did not.227

In 2012, Chinese researchers from Wuhan University reported that overexpression of the gene Cytochrome P450 promotes the growth of human breast cancer cells and that lauric and myristic acid suppress the overexpression of this gene.228

One method of reducing cancer growth is to inhibit the pro-inflammatory cytokine nuclear factor kappa b (NF-κB)229 and lauric acid happens to be a NF-κB inhibitor.230

Additional Health Effects

Acne:

· Lauric acid is effective for treating acne 231-232

Antibacterial:

· Lauric acid inhibits heliobacter pylori 235

Antifungal:

· Lauric acid inhibits growth of candida albicans 236-237

Antioxidant:

· Lauric acid-enriched rice bran oil a more potent antioxidant than rice bran oil alone 238

Antiviral:

· Lauric acid inhibits vesicular stomatitis virus 239

· Lauric acid inhibits junin virus 240

Dental Health:

· Lauric acid inhibits oral bacteria 242

Depression:

· Lauric acid reduces depression 241

Diabetes:

· Lauric acid “may protect against diabetes-induced dyslipidemia”243

Electricity:

· Lauric acid enhances sustainable power generation of microbial fuel cell by 3.9-times 244

Farming:

· Lauric acid and myristic acid increase breast muscle size of broiler chickens 245

· Lauric and oleic acids improve yolk quality of laying hens 246

Seizures:

· Lauric, capric, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids prevent seizures 247

Skin:

· Lauric acid enhances absorption of medication through shed snake skin 248

SODIUM BICARBONATE

Sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, is a type of salt that can be found in crystalline rock formations in nature. Bicarbonate, the acid-neutralizing portion of sodium bicarbonate, is naturally produced by the human body and used to buffer excess acidity.1

Since one of the metabolic hallmarks of a cancer cell, as first described by Dr. Otto Warburg in 1930,2 is elevated production of lactic acid,3-8 which “directly contributes to tumor growth and progression,”9 it seems reasonable to predict that cancer patients could benefit from additional bicarbonate.

The fizz that captured our amazement as children after adding baking soda and vinegar together was sodium bicarbonate rapidly neutralizing the acid and producing carbon dioxide (CO2) gas as a result. Similarly, once inside the body, bicarbonate is converted into carbon dioxide;10 so when we’re talking about sodium bicarbonate, essentially what we’re dealing with is carbon dioxide, which opens the door to some fascinating lines of research.

The Biology of Carbon Dioxide

The relationship between carbon dioxide and life itself is entirely misunderstood by most people in the medical profession and by society as a whole. We’ve been told that carbon dioxide is a toxic environmental pollutant causing dangerous increases in temperature that threaten the existence of life on earth. However, like many things we’re told by politicians and the media, the reality is far different. One of the best ways to learn about carbon dioxide is to examine what happens to various life forms when they are exposed to increased concentrations of it.

The Naked Mole Rat

Found naturally in the hot, arid regions of eastern Africa, the naked mole rat is a type of rodent that lives strictly underground in large colonies. Remarkably, naked mole rats reproduce for their entire lifespans,12 they don’t feel pain after being burnt with acid,11 their brains can withstand over 30 minutes without oxygen without damage 137 and in their natural habitats, they are immune to cancer.13 And while the average lifespan for most rats is less than two years,14-15 the naked mole rat can live an astounding 30 years,16-17 making it the longest-lived rodent known.18

The exceptional longevity and disease resistance of the naked mole rat have researchers calling it “a true ‘supermodel’ for aging research and resistance to chronic age-associated diseases.”19 Yet despite decades of research, scientists still haven’t been able to determine the reasons behind the mole rat’s longevity, even in the most recent studies.20-22 Perhaps it’s because they’re searching for a genetic explanation rather than simply examining the naked mole rat’s natural environment.

“They live in burrows that are kept closed, so the percentage of oxygen is lower than in the outside air, and the percentage of carbon dioxide ranges from 0.2% to 5%,” explains Dr. Raymond Peat.23 A 2005 study by Israeli scientists investigated the oxygen and carbon dioxide content in burrows of three species of subterranean mole rats and found that maximal CO2 levels were 6.1% and minimal O2 levels were 7.2%.24

	Carbon dioxide	Oxygen
Air on Earth	0.04%	20.95%
Mole Rat Burrow	6.1%	7.2%

Researchers at the College of Staten Island in New York re-created these environmental conditions in their laboratory and examined its effects on a colony of naked mole rats in 2010. Although they hypothesized the environment would have a negative impact on the activity, memory and social interaction of the rats, what they found was the complete opposite. When the rats were put into an environment of decreased oxygen (hypoxic) and increased carbon dioxide (hypercapnic) they became more social, had significantly improved brain function and their overall movements increased by 76.8%.25

The Queen Bee

In honey bee hives, worker bees carefully regulate the concentration of carbon dioxide, which can be as high at 6%.26 Remarkably, the lifespan of a queen bee is more than 40-times that of a worker bee.27 So while the queen is in the hive, protected by high concentrations of carbon dioxide, the worker bees are out breathing regular atmospheric air and consuming pollen, which is high in unsaturated fat and produces large amounts of free radicals in the absence of carbon dioxide.

The Long-Lived Siberian Bat

Bats are physiologically the same as mice and as such are destined to live similar lifespans. However, the oldest-surviving bat ever documented is a tiny bat from Siberia that lived more than 41 years in the wild.28 Researchers measuring the air quality in caves where bats roost have discovered that carbon dioxide concentrations are significantly higher than in the outside air. For example, in Drum Cave, Bungonia, New South Wales, Australia, “the CO2 concentration rises to over 6% in summer when a nursery colony, which contains more than 1000 unidentified bats, is present…”29

Humans at High-Altitudes

People living at high altitudes have shown a similar resiliency to the long-lived creatures above, including reduced rates of heart disease 30-34 and cancer 35-39 compared to people living at sea level.

What’s the link between living at altitude and carbon dioxide? The decrease in oxygen pressure that occurs at elevation means there is less oxygen pressure pushing carbon dioxide out of cells, allowing the body to retain more carbon dioxide – a phenomenon known as the Haldane effect.40,211

In 2009, a Swiss study involving 1.64 million people found that the benefits of altitude begin at an elevation of about 900m and that for every 1000m increase in elevation, mortality from heart disease decreases by 22% and mortality from stroke decreases by 12%.34 San Francisco and Philadelphia researchers reported a 12.7% drop in the incidence of lung cancer for every 1000m increase in elevation.35

The Plant Kingdom

For over 100 years, carbon dioxide has been used to increase the productivity of greenhouse crops.41 In 1978, scientists from the University of British Columbia, Canada, found that tomato plants grown in greenhouses with enhanced CO2 concentrations, “flowered earlier and produced more marketable fruit than those grown in normal air.”42 Peanuts,43 rice,44 ginger,45 and lettuce 46 have also displayed elevated growth performance when cultivated in environments enriched with CO2, and these growth-enhancing benefits also extend to grasses,48 trees,49-51 tobacco,52 hemp,53 roses,54 algae 55-56 and indeed all plant life on earth. Reviews of plant science literature indicate that boosting greenhouse carbon dioxide levels by just 300 parts per million (ppm) will increase plant growth by 30%.47

Even better, elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide can increase the nutrient value of food for humans,57-59 while decreasing its nutrient value for insects. By significantly lowering the radio of nitrogen to carbon in plants, nutrient availability for predatory insects is significantly limited. Furthermore, under increased concentrations of CO2, the production of natural defensive compounds by plants is increased and the growth and survival of pests are adversely affected.60-61

Better still, carbon dioxide enrichment reduces the water requirements of plants by enabling them to use water more efficiently;62 it makes them better able to survive extreme growing conditions like draught,63 high temperatures,64 and excess salinity;65 it makes them more resistant to bacterial and fungal infections;66 it suppresses invasive plant species;48 it increases the number of seeds a plant produces;67 and it also increases the annual life cycle of plants, extending the growing season.68

Once food crops have fully-ripened, packaging them in containers with added carbon dioxide can reduce their decay and significantly prolong shelf-life.69-71

The extraordinary disease resistance, longevity and myriad of other benefits imparted to animals, humans and plants inhabiting carbon dioxide-enriched environments have shown us the importance of carbon dioxide. And since organisms that don’t require oxygen still need carbon dioxide to survive, we can conclude that carbon dioxide is more fundamental to life than oxygen.72

A Closer Look…

An experiment from 1980 incubated anaerobic bacteria (bacteria that don’t use oxygen) into jars containing a range of carbon dioxide concentrations. The study revealed that contrary to established teaching, “Small supplements of CO2 (0.25%) allowed good growth of the majority of anaerobes studied.” Furthermore, some anaerobes had a minimum requirement of at least 1% CO2 for survival and an anaerobe called B. melaninogenicus “needed an atmospheric content of 10--40% CO2 for optimal growth.”72

Many living creatures, from mole rats to bats to bees, even amphibians like frogs, which burrow in the mud to accumulate a surplus of carbon dioxide, inherently understand the essentiality of CO2 and as such have found ways to intensify their exposures to it. Humans, on the other hand, believe that carbon dioxide is an environmental waste gas and have actually altered their behavior to reduce the amount of it in their environment. (Who is smarter - man or frog?)

There’s one more thing that must be addressed in order to eliminate the phobia surrounding carbon dioxide.

Is CO2 leading humanity towards climate catastrophe?

It is the duty of every human being alive to question everything we are told by those who claim authority over us, especially when the solutions they advance involve us giving them $226 million more in taxes every year,74 or when we see the media calling us ‘genocidal mass murderers’ simply for doing so.73

Anytime the subject of climate change is discussed in the media, we are presented with the extreme view that elevated CO2 is moving humanity towards catastrophe and that all scientists agree on this “fact.”209-210 However, when we read the climate science ourselves, we find that not only is there no consensus among scientists, but there is little to no evidence suggesting any reason to be alarmed at all. An extensive review of 539 climate change studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals between 2004 and 2007 concluded, “Only one paper refers to ‘catastrophic’ climate change, but without offering evidence.”89

So while politicians and the media push their unscientific, alarmist perspectives about climate change onto the public in support of their own political and economic interests, scientists, who base their views on empirical evidence, take into account the large and growing body of research showing that carbon dioxide has little or nothing to do with the earth’s surface temperature.75-87 The surge of peer-reviewed studies, analysis and data error discoveries published in recent years have prompted Dr. Ian Wilson and many others to declare that the fear surrounding man-made global warming “bites the dust.”88

Rather than catastrophe, the rising levels of natural and man-made carbon dioxide in our environment 208 are sparking a revolution of intensified plant growth and abundance that greens the earth and delivers everything needed by humans and all living creatures to thrive with unprecedented levels of health, intelligence, compassion and longevity.

Now that we’ve solved all of the world’s problems, let’s find out what sodium bicarbonate can do for a person with cancer and other diseases.

Sodium Bicarbonate vs Cancer

Many people have claimed that baking soda is a ‘quack’ treatment with no anti-cancer effects; and if this is your opinion, the research on baking soda and cancer may surprise you.

Investigations using sodium bicarbonate to treat cancer cells in vitro are limited, yet promising; published in the World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2014 by researchers from North Carolina, the study confirmed that sodium bicarbonate can trigger apoptosis in colon cancer cells.90

In 2006, Norwegian researchers discovered that an acidic tumor microenvironment promotes metastasis in mice bearing three different types of tumors.92 Since sodium bicarbonate mixed in drinking water and consumed orally can effectively raise the pH of tumors,97 researchers from the University of Arizona administered it to tumor-bearing mice to see if cancer metastasis could be prevented. Results confirmed that baking soda “increases tumor pH and inhibits spontaneous metastases” in mice with breast and prostate tumors.93

Dr. Robert J. Gillies and his team from the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute in Florida examined the relationship between tumor microenvironment pH and the growth and spread of cancer in vivo. Results were published in the journal Cancer Research in 2013 and found that oral administration of sodium bicarbonate inhibited the growth and spread of colon and breast tumors. “In every case… the regions of highest tumor invasion corresponded to areas of lowest pH. Tumor invasion did not occur into regions with normal or near-normal extracellular pH,” they wrote.94 In other words, an acidic tumor environment is essential for cancer metastasis and balancing out the pH using sodium bicarbonate can prevent it from occurring.

One of the mechanisms behind the anti-metastatic effect of sodium bicarbonate was discovered by scientists Ian Robey and Lance Nesbit from the University of Arizona in 2013. Their study found that sodium bicarbonate treatment reduced the number of circulating tumor cells in the blood of tumor-bearing mice to less than half. 95

Dr. Gillies and his team discovered another mechanism behind sodium bicarbonate’s anti-cancer effects in 2016. It is well established that excess acidity impedes immune system function 166-168 and that neutralization of acidity with sodium bicarbonate can amplify the immune response.169,171 After administering sodium bicarbonate to tumor-bearing mice, the researchers observed an influx of immune cells into tumors, which prevented the growth of numerous tumor types.170

One shocking and incredibly rare fact about sodium bicarbonate is that oncologists actually administer it to cancer patients before, during and after chemotherapy and radiotherapy to protect them from the extreme toxicity.90 “If you want to see how fast a person can hit the floor during chemotherapy just forget to mix in the bicarbonate and get out your stopwatch!” exclaimed Dr. Mark Sircus. “Those who survive the deadly treatment known as chemotherapy were likely saved by the sodium bicarbonate, and not the deadly chemotherapy poison pumped into their bodies.”91

26 terminal cancer patients suffering from severe pain and side effects caused by failed chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments were administered sodium bicarbonate dissolved in DMSO intravenously by Vietnamese researchers in 2011. Results showed the treatment considerably eased the pain and discomfort of all patients.96

Success Stories

Vernon Johnson

In 2008, Vernon Johnson was diagnosed with stage 4 prostate cancer that was so advanced it had already metastasized to his bones. Not wanting to subject himself to toxic cancer therapies, Vernon refused all treatments recommended by his doctor and followed the advice of his brother instead. “When Vernon was diagnosed with the disease, I told him to increase the pH in his body because any type of cancer cannot thrive in an alkaline environment,” recalled his brother Larry.

Vernon read that a mixture of baking soda and maple syrup was effective for raising pH, but since he didn’t have any in his kitchen at the time, he substituted it for molasses and began self-treatment.

After consuming the mixture multiple times a day for 11 days, Vernon received a medical examination from his doctor and the results showed his prostate and bone cancers had disappeared completely. Vernon’s success story made headlines in the California newspaper Valley News in 2009.98

Loredana

Loredana was diagnosed with a breast tumor in 2010. “I took all the tests requested, and it turned out that I needed to get an operation,” she explained. Frightened by the prospect of having to undergo chemotherapy and radiotherapy following surgery, Loredana did some research and found that she had the option to receive sodium bicarbonate therapy following surgery instead. “This got me very interested,” exclaimed Loredana.

She found a surgeon willing to follow the sodium bicarbonate protocol of Italian doctor Tullio Simoncini and had her tumor surgically removed. Once the tumor was cut from her breast, the area was washed with sodium bicarbonate and she continued repeating the washes according to the protocol. One year and multiple checkups, ultrasounds and a mammogram later, she was completely free of cancer.99

Rod Peterson

In June of 2008, Canadian Rod Peterson was diagnosed with a tumor in his right kidney. Two months later, Rod had his kidney surgically removed and about 6 months post-surgery, cancer was found in his lungs. Rod’s oncologist explained that he could undergo surgery, chemotherapy or radiation, but none would really work with the type of cancer he had. “Basically, he told me to go home and enjoy the rest of my life. He gave me a card for the psychologist if I needed him and I left the office. I was fairly numb, so to speak.”

Not ready to leave his family behind, Rod started doing some research and found the work of Dr. Tullio Simoncini. After finding his theories convincing, Rod flew to Rome to talk with the doctor in person. Impressed with the meeting and excited to begin, Rod underwent treatment for 6 weeks in August of 2009. “After the treatment I was curious. I came back, I had my CT Scans, and you could clearly see, from past scans where the tumors kept constantly growing, all of a sudden they had shrank, some cases in half. Of course it was very exciting. My oncologist was ecstatic. He started to say ‘this only happens with 1% of the population. If this continues, we’re going to have to do a write-up on you.’”

Wanting to see his health improve even more, Rod returned for further treatments with Dr. Simoncini in January of 2010. “I went back for treatment with Simoncini. I had a CT Scan to followup with my oncologist, and after two weeks of a second cycle, my tumors again had shrunk in half. I continued again with another two weeks of treatment and came back to Canada. In the CT Scan I got when I returned, the tumors were gone; all there was left was scar tissue.” After just three cycles of sodium bicarbonate therapy, doctors confirmed Rod Peterson no longer had cancer. “Because of Dr. Tullio Simoncini I have a second chance at life, and I believe everybody should have that. By meeting Dr. Simoncini, I’m still here today and I am very thankful. I thank God for that.”100

Additional Health Effects

Acidosis:

· Sodium bicarbonate cures metabolic acidosis 101

Antibacterial:

· Sodium bicarbonate inhibits bacterial growth 102,104,105

· Sodium bicarbonate prevents growth of spoilage microbes on vegetables 106

· Sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen peroxide have synergistic antimicrobial effects 107

Antioxidant:

· Sodium bicarbonate “is central to the treatment of many poisonings”108,114,115

· Sodium bicarbonate prevents damage caused by herbicide glyphosate,109 paraquat,111 amitriptyline,159 yew berry poisoning 112 and uranium136

· Sodium bicarbonate (topically) reduces redness caused by jellyfish sting 110

· Sodium bicarbonate effectively treats near-fatal flecainide overdose 113

Antiviral:

· Sodium bicarbonate inhibits calcivirus 103

Arthritis:

· Sodium bicarbonate and calcium gluconate solution effective for treating osteoarthritis 116

Bone Health:

· Sodium bicarbonate prevents bone demineralization caused by acidosis117

Brain Health:

· Sodium bicarbonate corrects mental status abnormalities (i.e. confusion, slurred speech) caused by acidosis 118

Chronic Kidney Disease:

· Sodium bicarbonate improves nutritional status and dramatically slows progression of CKD 119-120

· Sodium bicarbonate preserves kidney function in patients with CKD 117

· Sodium bicarbonate resolves abnormal heart rate in patients with CKD 121

· Sodium bicarbonate mouth rinse restores function of taste buds and relieves other symptoms of CKD 122

Dental Health:

· Sodium bicarbonate toothpaste provides a ‘clean mouth feel,’123 whitens teeth,124 enhances plaque removal,126-127 reduces bleeding 128 and provides “statistically significant improvements in gingival health”128

· Sodium bicarbonate mouthwash significantly reduces mineral loss from tooth enamel 125,129-132

· Sodium bicarbonate chewing gum significantly removes dental plaque and reduces gingivitis 133-135

Detoxification:

· Sodium bicarbonate eliminates uranium from the body 136

Diabetes:

· Bicarbonate-rich mineral water increases insulin sensitivity in humans 138

· Sodium bicarbonate treats diabetic acidosis in children139

Environmental Remediation:

· Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes high aluminum concentrations in water 141

· Sodium bicarbonate removes 92% of uranium from contaminated soil samples 142

· Sodium bicarbonate removes chemical pollutant polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) from waterways 140

· "Mixed with sodium bicarbonate, one metric ton of PCB-tainted soil can be cleansed per hour in a rotary reactor."143

Exercise:

· Sodium bicarbonate increases back squat repetitions to failure 144

· Sodium bicarbonate improves 200m swimming time 145

· Sodium bicarbonate significantly increases punches landed during 4 rounds of boxing 146

· Sodium bicarbonate improves cycling performance during repeated sprints 147-148

Farming:

· Sodium bicarbonate fed to black belly barbados lambs for 10 days significantly improves meat quality 149

· Sodium bicarbonate corrects acidosis and improves hydration in diarrheal calves 150

· Sodium bicarbonate improves calcium absorption and eggshell quality of laying hens 153

· Sodium bicarbonate promotes growth, photosynthesis and biochemical composition of marine algae 151-152

Healing:

· Sodium bicarbonate prevents excessive inflammation and accelerates healing process 154

· Bicarbonate-calcium-magnesium water improves skin regeneration 155

Heart Health:

· Sodium bicarbonate restores abnormal heart rate caused by crack cocaine,156,157 bupropion160 and diphenhydramine161

· Sodium bicarbonate eliminates seizures and heart abnormalities caused by antidepressant overdose 162,163

· Carbonated water with a meal reduces risk of cardiovascular disease164,165

Immune System:

· Sodium bicarbonate enhances immune system169

· Sodium bicarbonate promotes antitumor immunity170,171

Inflammation:

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces inflammation154,174

Lifespan:

· Sodium bicarbonate significantly increases lifespan of mice172

Metabolism:

· Sodium bicarbonate stimulates oxidative metabolism171

· Sodium bicarbonate substantially decreases tissue calcification172

Obesity:

· Sodium bicarbonate and albumin enhance weight loss effects of anti-obesity herb fenugreek173

Radiation:

· Sodium bicarbonate prevents painful ulceration of the mouth caused by radiotherapy174

Reproduction:

· Bicarbonate “plays critically important roles during virtually the entire process of reproduction in mammals”175

· Sodium bicarbonate effective for simulating embryonic environment during in vitro fertilization 176

· Sodium bicarbonate improves growth of children 202

Skin:

· Sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid solution (topically) renews natural immune barrier of skin 177

· Sodium bicarbonate baths dramatically improve psoriasis in humans 178-179

Sleep:

· Sodium bicarbonate improves sleep quality 180

Thyroid:

· Sodium bicarbonate improves thyroid function 181

Tumor Microenvironment:

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces free radicals 182-183

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces tumor necrosis factor-alpha 184-185

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces interleukin-1beta 186,187

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces interleukin-6186,188

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces interleukin-8187,189

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces nuclear factor kappa-b189,190

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces cortisol 191

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces prolactin 192,193

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces nitric oxide 194,195

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces lactic acid 196,197

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces prostaglandins 198,199

· Sodium bicarbonate reduces histamine 200

Other:

· Sodium bicarbonate softens earwax and aids in its removal 201

· Sodium bicarbonate dissolves uric acid stones 203,204 and bladder stones 205

· Sodium bicarbonate effective for treating cystic fibrosis 206

· Sodium bicarbonate decreases mortality in patients treated for acute respiratory failure 207

· Sodium bicarbonate increases return of spontaneous circulation during CPR 158

Safety

Considering all the benefits of using sodium bicarbonate therapeutically, and especially when compared to orthodox cancer treatments, side effects are few and exceptionally minor.

Some participants in exercise performance-related studies reported upset stomachs and/or diarrhea at doses of 300mg/kg, which is about 22.5 grams of sodium bicarbonate for a 75kg (165lb) man or woman. Athletes loading up on baking soda for performance enhancement have been able to resolve this issue by consuming sodium bicarbonate in multiple, split-doses.

Vernon Johnson cured himself of metastasized prostate cancer using sodium bicarbonate and the only side effects he experienced were the occasional nausea, diarrhea and weakness. All in all, the treatment consisted of less than half a box of sodium bicarbonate, costing less than $1, and all of his symptoms went away after the treatment ended - not bad for completely eliminating his cancer.

Vernon Johnston's Baking Soda & Molasses Protocol

To give people enough confidence to begin self-treatment with baking soda if they choose, it’s useful to know the exact protocol used by Vernon Johnson to cure himself of cancer. Vernon’s protocol involved a mixture of baking soda, molasses and water over the course of 11 days. Here’s how he did it:

Days 1-4: Vernon began by consuming 1 cup of water containing 1 teaspoon of baking soda and 1 teaspoon of black strap molasses. Vernon consumed this mixture once daily for the first four days. After noting that he felt fine and his pH was 7.0 (saliva) and 7.5 (urine), he decided to increase his dose.

Day 5: On day five, Vernon doubled his dose and began drinking the same solution twice per day. After reading that cancer cells become dormant at a pH of 7 and dead at a pH of 8.0-8.5, his goal was to achieve a saliva and urine pH between 8.0-8.5 and hold it for four or five days. He used pH test strips to measure his pH and emphasized the importance of taking both saliva and urine pH into consideration, since saliva pH can at times be a poor indicator of blood pH.

Day 6: He continued taking two daily doses of his solution and on day six, his pH averaged out to be 7.25. On this day he felt slightly nauseous and his stool had a yellowish tinge.

Day 7: Vernon took 3 teaspoons of baking soda in water with 1 teaspoon of molasses for his first dose. For his second dose he went back down to the 2 teaspoons of baking soda with molasses in water.

Day 8: Hoping to elevate his pH even more, Vernon took two teaspoons of baking soda in water and molasses three times over the course of day 8.

Day 9: He noticed a little diarrhea and felt a bit weak on day 9, but said he "felt oxygen euphoria throughout the day. Like my body was breathing pure oxygen."

Day 10: Vernon had a persistent headache at this point and noticed body sweats at night. He took 4 pH readings over the course of the day and they were all in the mid 8's. He then cut back his dose on this day to a 2 teaspoon sodium bicarbonate solution in molasses and water, twice daily.

Day 11: On the day before returning to his doctor to assess the condition of his cancerous bones, Vernon experienced diarrhea that was slightly yellow. He reduced his dose to 1.5 teaspoons of the baking soda, molasses and water solution and consumed it twice.

"So there you have it. That was my last day before the scan," said Vernon, before emphasizing the importance of consuming baking soda two hours before or two hours after a meal to maintain the stomach acidity necessary for digestion.91

UNRAVELING THE MYSTERIES OF CANCER

The official position of the cancer establishment is that “cancer is a genetic disease,”1 whereby a specific set of gene mutations cause a single cell to turn irreversibly cancerous and multiply out-of-control, until enough of its mutant clones collectively form a tumor that strives to kill the host.

If this theory is correct, it means that cancer cells are like parasites that must be eradicated at all costs; even if patients are injured or nearly killed in the process. It also means that nothing in our environment or the way we live our lives have any bearing whatsoever on whether or not we develop cancer. And in this paradigm, since there’s nothing we can do to prevent cancer from arising or stop it from progressing, if we happen to be one of the ‘unlucky’ ones who are diagnosed with the disease, we must depend on people more sophisticated than us for answers.

However, if cancer truly were a genetic disease then you’d think the vast sums of money spent on genetic cancer research over the past 50 years would have rendered us at least some progress. It makes you wonder - maybe researchers have been looking in the wrong place for answers?

Questioning The Genetic Theory of Cancer

In search of another paradigm that could adequately explain the underlying cause of cancer and why the war on cancer has been such a failure, I stumbled upon a series of fascinating studies whose conclusions completely contradicted the genetic theory of cancer. If cancer is a disease of genetic origin, then none of the following observations would have occurred.

Cloned Mice from Tumor Cell DNA

Researchers from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee, cloned a mouse using DNA derived from a mouse brain tumor cell in 2003. Published in the journal Cancer Research, the study found that the development of the cloned mouse occurred normally without cancer formation.11

Frog Egg Tumor Transplants

In 1969, a group of researchers transplanted frog tumor cells into frog eggs and found that despite the mutant cancer DNA contained within the transplanted tumor cells, from within the eggs emerged healthy, swimming tadpoles - demonstrating once again that mutated cancer DNA can direct normal development.10

Cell Cytoplasm-Swapped ‘Cybrids’

Since the 1970’s, scientists have been experimenting with swapping normal cell cytoplasms (containing the energy-producing mitochondria, not DNA) with cancer cell cytoplasms and vice versa. They call the resultant cells ‘cybrids.’ When scientists transplanted normal cell cytoplasms into cancer cells (containing mutated DNA), the cancer cells transformed back into normal cells,2-8 and when cancer cell cytoplasms were transplanted into normal cells (containing normal DNA), the cells turned into cancer cells.9 These findings show that mutant cancer DNA doesn’t cause cancer and that normal DNA doesn’t prevent cancer; the cytoplasm seems to dictate carcinogenesis.

Genetic Theory Unlikely

Taken together, it appears that DNA has little (and perhaps nothing) to do with a cell becoming cancerous. Harry Rubin, Professor Emeritus of Cell and Developmental Biology from the University of California demonstrated in 2006 that cells can have hundreds of mutations and still behave normally within the organism.12

Another apparent flaw in the genetic theory is the claim that cancer cells are irreversible. There are hoards of studies in which scientists have observed cancer cells transform back into normal cells.2-8,10,11,13-17,481-493,868 “…our data suggest quite strongly that nonmalignant tumor populations can be converted to a more malignant phenotype without additional mutations taking place and, conversely, malignant populations can be downregulated to a nontumorigenic phenotype,” wrote researchers from Ohio State University in 1995.17 But if cancer cells can revert back into normal cells, how can the cancer establishment justify carving out tumors, scorching patients with radiation and poisoning them with chemotherapy? They can’t… and so their only option - if they wish to remain in business - is to pretend this evidence doesn’t exist.

Despite the many experiments profoundly challenging the genetic theory of cancer, medical doctors are not presented these controversies in medical school and are instead taught the genetic theory as if it were fact, which is unfortunate because as the American Nobel Prize-winning virologist Peyton Rous said in 1959, “the somatic mutation theory acts like a tranquilizer on those who believe in it.”18

What better way to resolve the controversies surrounding cancer’s elusive origins than with the biggest and most comprehensive scientific investigation ever conducted on the genetics of cancer?

The Cancer Genome Atlas Project

In 2005, the National Cancer Institute launched a giant multi-national initiative called The Cancer Genome Atlas Project (TCGAP). The goal of the project was to expand human understanding of cancer genetics and to pinpoint a common sequence of genetic mutations that drive carcinogenesis so that new drugs targeting each mutation could be developed.19 If there ever were a project that could finally either prove or disprove cancer as a genetic disease, this billion-dollar medical behemoth - spanning more than a decade - is it.20 As you can imagine, the debut of the project spurred enormous excitement and hope among its many participants and supporters.

One of the greatest successes of the project, still underway, has been the accelerated speed at which scientists can fully sequence the genetic code of a cell. Each cell in our bodies is said to contain around 25,000 genes,21 and using state-of-the-art technology scientists are now able to churn out the entire genomic sequence of cells with lightning speed. To date, TCGAP has compiled data from more than 10,000 tissue samples from over 30 types of cancer,22 but to the surprise of many, the results have been vastly disappointing.

Looking at cancer cells from different people with the same type of tumor, scientists discovered the mutational signatures of cells were so immensely different that they appeared to occur completely at random.23-25 Scientists also looked at the genomes of cells from within the very same tumor, but instead of finding a distinct series of mutations that could explain cancer initiation, every cell was found to have its own unique set of mutations.26-30 Metastatic cancer cells were also analyzed, and researchers found their genetic defects were completely different than the genetic defects in cells of the original tumor.29,31,32 Time and time again, the story was the same: not a single gene mutation - or any combination of mutations - was found to be absolutely responsible for initiating the disease.27,33-37

In 2010, researchers from the University of Washington called the results of the TCGA project ‘sobering’ and conceded, “it is becoming increasingly difficult to envision how it will be possible to develop a realistic number of targeted chemotherapies to be directed against a discrete panel of commonly mutated cancer genes.”26 Dr. David Agus, the University of California oncologist who treated Steve Jobs, suggested in a recent speech that cancer is simply too difficult to understand and that we should stop trying.38

The Cancer Genome Atlas Project - a fascinating milestone in the history of cancer research - has confirmed to us unequivocally that, above all - cancer is not a genetic disease. The 81-year-old “father of DNA” James Watson himself responded publically to these findings in 2013, recommending a shift in the focus of cancer research from genetics to metabolism.39

Although genetic defects are undeniably ubiquitous features of cancer cells of all types, they ultimately arise as downstream consequences of something else occurring first within cells.

The Prime Cause of Cancer

If a scientific observation can be demonstrated repeatedly by many different people, then it’s probably true. When it comes to the cause of genomic instability and genetic defects arising in cells, scientists have found that these events are consistently triggered by the same distinctive conditions inside cells: insufficient oxygen (hypoxia).40-60 It’s only after a cell is deprived of oxygen that genetic mutations begin to occur.

Insufficient oxygen, however, is not just the root cause of genomic instability; it’s also the primary driver of tumor formation,45,61-71 progression and metastasis;48,51,52,72-80 or said differently, the prime cause of cancer. What’s particularly striking is that German physiologist, medical doctor and Nobel Laureate, Dr. Otto Heinrich Warburg first discovered this almost 100 years ago, in 1923. In a presentation to other Nobel Laureates in 1966, Warburg stated,96

“The cause of cancer is no longer a mystery; we know it occurs whenever any cell is denied 60% of its oxygen requirements.”

When a cell is deprived of oxygen, it responds by activating hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha),67 which can be “found in high levels in malignant solid tumors, but not in normal tissues or slow-growing tumors.”81-89 HIF-1alpha then stimulates the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into the tumor microenvironment,90-95 which signals cells in its proximity to grow (chapter 1).

Even more extraordinary than Dr. Warburg’s discovery was a statement made in 1976 by the author of one of the most widely used medical textbooks in the world:

“All chronic pain, suffering and diseases are caused from a lack of oxygen at the cell level.”
-Dr. Arthur C. Guyton

Suddenly, our quest to discover how to prevent and cure cancer, we’ve not only identified cancer’s prime cause, but in doing so we’ve come face-to-face with the possibility that what cures cancer, cures all diseases. The fact that all three medicines reviewed in the preceding three chapters accelerate healing, enhance the immune system, protect the vital organs and are capable of treating a multitude of diseases and conditions validates considerably the idea that all diseases have a common origin. And if it is true, then cancer and all diseases are metabolic in nature, and remarkably, all are reversible and can be corrected by restoring the efficient use of oxygen.

Cancer Cell Metabolism

The human body is comprised of an estimated 37.2 trillion cells,97 all of which require energy to perform the vital functions that make our lives possible. So while we go about our days not thinking much about it, our cells are hard at work metabolizing the food we eat into the energy we use to breathe, move, eat, grow, exercise, regenerate and reproduce.

The metabolism of a healthy cell, put simply, involves a chemical reaction between glucose and oxygen in the ‘power plants’ of the cell, called mitochondria.98 The end product of metabolism, often termed ‘the energy currency of life,’ is a high-energy molecule that provides energy to all our cells, called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).99

Without getting into all of the complex details, energy metabolism involves three basic steps – glycolysis, krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. First, let’s examine the defective metabolism of a cancer cell.

Whereas a normal cell produces energy using cellular respiration (all three steps; also known as mitochondrial respiration or oxidative metabolism),100 a cancer cell uses glycolysis only, which ferments sugar and produces lactic acid as a byproduct.101 This metabolic shift from cellular respiration to glycolysis occurs because – for reasons not yet established – the cell has lost its ability to use oxygen, and unlike the krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis doesn’t require oxygen.102 The moment a cell undergoes this metabolic shift, known as the Warburg effect,98 is the moment it becomes a cancer cell.109

The production of lactic acid is normal during exercise when the oxygen supply is used up and not adequate to meet energy demands (anaerobic glycolysis),103-108 but in cancer, lactic acid is produced even though oxygen is adequately present (aerobic glycolysis).

One of the downsides to using glycolysis for energy production is that it’s highly inefficient and generates 15-times less ATP than cellular respiration.110 This means that cancer cells must consume significantly more glucose in order to generate the same amount of energy 111-119 and consequently, they produce and release large amounts of lactic acid into the tumor microenvironment.120-125

Aside from the immunosuppressive 126 and carcinogenic effects 127,128 of lactic acid, large amounts of lactic acid also cause the breathing rate to increase, known as hyperventilation,129-132 which quickly lowers the body’s levels of carbon dioxide.133-138

The Extraordinary Discovery of an Elite Russian Scientist

While actively engaged in high-level research for the Russian military, space and sports programs at the First Medical Institute in Moscow, elite medical scientist Dr. Konstantin Pavlovich Buteyko (1923-2003) claimed to have made a discovery so vast that it would turn the whole of modern medicine on its head.139

Motivated by an intense interest in sophisticated medical diagnostics, Dr. Buteyko used state-of-the-art equipment and facilities to investigate the physiological and biochemical differences between healthy people and people with disease. After collecting empirical data from hundreds of patients, Dr. Buteyko made the extraordinary discovery that all people suffering from chronic diseases shared one thing in common: a lower than optimal level of carbon dioxide.

The medical norm of carbon dioxide concentration in the human body is around 5% (or 35-37mm Hg).140,141 Dr. Buteyko found that people who had optimal levels of carbon dioxide never suffered from any chronic diseases and the greater the deficiency of carbon dioxide a person had, the worse their overall level of health.

Dr. Buteyko went on to develop a system of breathing called The Buteyko Method, which instructed patients to breathe shallower and less-frequently to raise their carbon dioxide levels and improve their health. Studies have confirmed that breathing less can normalize CO2 deficiencies,142,143 and statistics show that Buteyko’s breathing method has helped more than 1,000 patients suffering from asthma, hypertension or stenocardia fully recover since 1967.144 To date, eight clinical trials using The Buteyko Method on human patients suffering from asthma have been conducted and in all studies, significant reductions in asthmatic symptoms and medication requirements by patients have been reported.145-152

Dr. Buteyko’s radical discovery and his obsession with it lead him from being a privileged scientist within the soviet system to being cast a medical dissident. The medical establishment wanted nothing to do with his unconventional ideas and obstructed his progress to gain official acceptance at every turn.

“I was called a charlatan, a schizophrenic and a raving nutter, among other names,” explained Dr. Buteyko. “They tried to poison me three times, and organised two car crashes. There were several attempts to put me in a psychiatric hospital. They physically destroyed my laboratory, which was unique throughout the world. And all of this because I had discovered a lever that patients could pull to be free from their piles of pills and complicated surgical procedures that were far from safe.”153

The fact that Dr. Buteyko publically condemned the use of drug and surgical-based treatments - on the basis that most of them accelerated the loss of carbon dioxide and therefore worsened the health of patients - may have been why health authorities felt so threatened by him and went to such great lengths to suppress his discovery. Let’s see if we can find any other evidence to substantiate Dr. Buteyko’s finding that a deficiency of carbon dioxide occurs in all disease states.

Scientific experiments have determined that people with a wide variety of diseases are deficient in carbon dioxide, including heart disease,154-162 diabetes,163-167 asthma,168-171 COPD,172-174 sleep apnea,175 cystic fibrosis,176-182 bipolar disorder,183 panic disorder,184 epilepsy,185 and of course, cancer.186-187

A Closer Look…

In 2001, Ukranian medical doctor Sergey Paschenko measured the CO2 content in the exhaled breath of 120 women with metastasized breast cancer. Dr. Artour Rakhimov, who translated the study from Russian to English, reports, “The average value for end-tidal CO2 in these cancer patients was about 2.9%, while the official medical norm is about 5.3% that corresponds to 40 mm Hg at sea level.”187

Interestingly, Dr. Rakhimov has graphed data on his website from a large list of studies showing that overall carbon dioxide levels in people worldwide have been in a steady, almost-linear decline since the 1920’s.188

In 2015, an international team of scientists led by Dr. Darryl Leong of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, analyzed the medical records of almost 140,000 people between the ages of 40 to 70 and discovered that hand grip strength was a strikingly accurate predictor of all-cause mortality; and even a more accurate predictor of heart disease than blood pressure.189 A number of similar studies have authenticated the accuracy of grip strength as a predictor of all-cause mortality.190-193

With these findings in mind, a 2016 study from Winston-Salem State University in North Carolina found that over the past 30 years, the hand-grip strength of both men and women living in the US - particularly in younger people - has declined by 20% on average.194 So while many people believe ‘people are living longer than ever before,’ given the decline of carbon dioxide levels and in grip strength in people over the past 100 years, it seems far more likely that the opposite is true.

Now that we’ve shown how CO2 deficiency can be caused and worsened by the lactic acid secreted from cancer cells, and provided substantial supporting evidence for Dr. Buteyko’s groundbreaking discovery that all chronic disease is caused by a deficiency of carbon dioxide, you may be wondering: since both oxygen and carbon dioxide are deficient in sick people – what is the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Healthy Cell Metabolism

Unlike a cancer cell, which produces ATP and lactic acid through glycolytic metabolism, when a normal cell undergoes cellular respiration, in addition to ATP, it also generates carbon dioxide.

Dr. Buteyko has called carbon dioxide, “the main source of nutrition for any living matter on earth;” and its physiological effects are two-fold: First, CO2 dilates blood vessels, increasing bloodflow.195-197 Secondly, oxygen is transported through the bloodstream by red blood cells (hemoglobin), and the primary trigger for the release of oxygen from hemoglobin (the Bohr effect) is carbon dioxide.198-200 In other words, without CO2, oxygen cannot get into cells.

This has been confirmed by a number of studies looking at oxygen levels in various tissues following hyperventilation; CO2 deficiency causes hypoxia in the brain,201-212 heart,213-217 liver,218-220 kidneys,214,220 spleen,214 colon,221 and indeed in all body tissues.222,223

So while lactic acid is constantly streaming from cancer cells - inhibiting oxygen use and cellular respiration - carbon dioxide is constantly streaming from healthy cells - promoting oxygen use and cellular respiration.

Let’s take a closer look at what specifically can cause a cell to turn cancerous.

Understanding Metabolic Dysfunction

Anything that inhibits the use of oxygen by cells is, by definition, carcinogenic - and there are two specific ways cellular oxygen can be inhibited: the first is a nutritional deficiency and the second is chemical toxicity.

1. Nutritional Deficiency

While carbon dioxide is essential for oxygen to gain entry into cells, there are a number of other nutrients essential for the production of key enzymes that power the sequence of chemical reactions during the krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The B-series of vitamins are the primary nutrients that act as co-enzymes for cellular respiration, and include thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacinamide (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7) and folate (B9).225

Since respiration cannot occur without enzymes produced specifically by these nutrients, a deficiency in any one of them can inhibit the use of oxygen and turn a cell cancerous. And conversely, making these nutrients available to cancer cells can reverse cancer growth.

Foods with the greatest concentrations of B-vitamins include shellfish (clams, oysters, mussels), liver, caviar, octopus, crab, lobster, beef, lamb, fish, cheese and eggs.

Thiamine (Vitamin B1):

Thiamine is essential for a number of key metabolic enzymes 226 but the one we’re going to focus on is called pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is critical because it links glycolysis to the krebs cycle.

Without thiamine and the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme made from it, a cell is forced to metabolize using glycolysis only.227-229 Since glycolysis increases lactic acid, which lowers carbon dioxide - and since a deficiency of carbon dioxide can be seen in all disease states - we can expect to see a thiamine deficiency in many different diseases, including cancer.

This research has been done: Low levels of serum thiamine have been significantly associated with Parkinson’s disease,230,231 and administering thiamine to Parkinson’s disease patients improves their brain function and overall condition.231 Thiamine deficiency is also frequent in patients with heart disease, and administering thiamine to them improves their heart function.232-234

A number of studies have shown that a deficiency of thiamine is common in cancer patients and significantly associated with cancer progression,237-243 and in 1970, Dr. Otto Warburg and his colleagues demonstrated they could induce cancer in normal cells specifically by depriving them of thiamine.244

The observation that thiamine can lower serum lactate concentrations 228,229,235,236 is evidence that cells are beginning to use oxygen more efficiently, and scientists from Westminster, California reported in 2013, “A very high dose of thiamine produces a growth-inhibitory effect in cancer.”237 Additionally, researchers from Kansas State University found that pyruvate dehydrogenase activation triggered apoptosis in cancer cells.245

Interestingly, breads, cereals and infant formula in the US and many other countries are fortified with thiamine,246 so one could argue that people are getting enough dietary thiamine, except for one thing: most food manufacturers fortify foods with thiamine in the form of thiamine mononitrate,247 which cancer patients have a difficult time absorbing 248 and converting 249 into the useable form found naturally in certain foods, like liver,250 called thiamine pyrophosphate. The fact that growing tumor cells on rat liver tissue makes them revert back to healthy cells suggests that liver is an important food.

Thiamine can also significantly protect the body from highly-toxic chemotherapy drugs, which illustrates just how powerful this one single nutrient can be - and how vital it is for a cell to undergo oxidative metabolism.251-254 In one study, a patient went completely blind in both eyes following chemotherapy and after administering daily intravenous thiamine for just three days, their vision returned. “Symptomatic improvement with thiamine was rapid, with visual acuity improvement to 20/200 OU in three days.”255

2. Chemical Toxicity

Environmental toxins can also turn cells cancerous by interfering with the production of these same critical respiratory enzymes; either by destroying the nutrients needed to make them or by accelerating their use in an attempt deal with the toxic insult, ultimately leading to a deficiency.256,257

Cytochrome c oxidase is an essential respiratory enzyme that interacts directly with oxygen 258 and catalyzes the very last step in the process of oxidative phosphorylation.259,260 The nutrient needed to create this enzyme is copper 261-263 and its activity is amplified by thyroid hormone.264

Foods highest in copper include oysters, lobster, crab, squid, eggs, beef, lamb, fish, mushrooms and chocolate.

“Defects in cytochrome c oxidase expression induce a metabolic shift to glycolysis and carcinogenesis,” wrote scientists from the University of Pennsylvania in 2015.265 A deficiency of cytochrome c oxidase has also been implicated in tumor progression.266

A number of chemical toxins have been shown to inhibit cytochrome c oxidase activity; for example, chemotherapy,267 cyanide,268-270 carbon monoxide,271,272 aluminum phosphide,273 estrogen,274 serotonin,275 endotoxin,276,277 aflatoxin B1,278 UVB radiation,279 X-ray radiation,280,281 and most notably, unsaturated ‘essential’ fatty acids.282

A Closer Look…

In 1951, researchers investigated the impact of the ‘essential’ unsaturated fatty acids (EFAs) on the respiratory enzyme cytochrome c oxidase. Results showed that EFAs strongly inhibited cytochrome c oxidase activity, and when rats were made deficient in the EFAs, both cytochrome c oxidase activity and cellular respiration were significantly higher than in normal rats.282

The fact that cigarette smoking inhibits cytochrome c oxidase activity and smoking cessation restores it 283 makes a good case for quitting.

Interestingly, light in the red (622-780nm wavelength) and near-infrared (700nm-1mm wavelength) spectrums is absorbed by cytochrome c oxidase and amplifies its activity.284-302 This helps explain why cold and flu season occurs at the time of year with the least amount of sunlight, and provides a mechanism behind the incredible healing benefits of red and infrared light therapies; cognitive enhancement,303-305 accelerated healing,306 increased bone density,307,308 increased testosterone,309 reduced anxiety and depression,310 reduced inflammation,311 reduced acne,312 pain relief,314-318 and hair regrowth,319 to name a few.

Dr. John Harvey Kellogg wrote in his book Light Therapeutics:

“Metabolism is unquestionably stimulated by the reflex action set out by the light rays impinging upon the nerve endings of the skin and retina… oxidation of living tissues is increased by the action of sunlight. In human beings as well as in animals, less carbon dioxide is emanated at night than during the same number of hours of daylight.”

Nitric oxide is another toxin 320 that inhibits cytochrome c oxidase activity by binding directly to it.321-323 Remarkably, red and infrared light is capable of unbinding nitric oxide from cytochrome c oxidase, allowing respiration and carbon dioxide production to resume.324,325

Rethinking Our Fears Surrounding Cancer

Every day it seems we are inundated with the perception that cancer is some kind of biological terrorist that’s entirely foreign to our bodies and trying to kill us - yet from what we’ve learned so far in this final chapter, it seems cancer is nothing more than a collection of cells not getting what they need to function properly. As Dr. Ray Peat has said, “The cancer business is based on something other than science or common sense.”

The metabolic shift of cells to glycolysis that brands a cell cancerous - induced either by a nutrient deficiency or environmental toxin - causes free radical electrons to leak from the respiratory chain, which then react with unsaturated fats 342 and ultimately damage cells.343-352 In other words, cancer cells are not just cells lacking nutrients; they’re cells that have been injured.

German physician, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and politician Rudolph Virchow was the first to notice that tumors commonly form at sites of chronic injuries. So common do tumors grow from scars or old injuries that in 1862, Virchow suggested previous injuries were a precondition for tumor formation.353 Swiss researchers acknowledged the “remarkable similarities between wound repair and cancer” in 2008,354 and over the past 150 years, experiments have revealed there is virtually no difference between a wound and cancer.355-364

So when a doctor looks at a mammographic image and thinks he sees cancer, he’s actually looking at a collection of injured cells that the body is trying to heal. A cancer doctor is trained to respond to injury by using treatments that cause further injury; and for that reason, far scarier than a diagnosis of cancer is what a doctor will try and do to you if he thinks you have it.

However, in contrast to a successfully healing wound, the healing process of a tumor is exaggerated and prolonged; an ‘overhealing’ as Sir Alexander Haddow put it.354,365-367

Chronic inflammation has been strongly associated with cancer development and progression 368-381 because an inflamed cell is an injured cell that has lost its ability to respire; it is swollen with water,382 produces lactic acid,383 and rapidly divides to try and replace itself with a fresh functioning cell 384-385 – the same archetypal characteristics as a cancer cell. Persistently injured and inflamed cells, like cells within a tumor, are evidence the body has been unable to properly repair the damage.

So what is preventing the body from completing the healing process in the case of a tumor? To answer that question, we look to the human embryo.

Scarless Healing of The Human Embryo

The opposite of a wound that won’t heal is a wound that regenerates rapidly and without scarring. First observed in the 1970’s, the embryos and fetus’ of mice, rats, pigs, monkeys and humans have a remarkable capacity for healing; when wounded, they repair quickly, scarlessly and “with little or no inflammation,” wrote Dr. Traci Wilgus at the University of Illinois in 2007.386-402 Yet despite almost 50 years of investigation, researchers are still baffled by how this scarless healing occurs - admitting as recently as 2014, “the exact mechanisms of scarless fetal wound healing remain largely unknown.”386

When investigators from the University of California transplanted adult sheepskin onto the backs of fetal lambs in 1995, they observed, “The adult-fetal interface healed without scar formation,”403 suggesting that something within the embryonic/fetal environment is responsible for its regenerative capacity.

While arterial blood of a pregnant mother has an oxygen pressure of about 100 mm Hg, the blood that carries oxygen to the fetus through the umbilical vein is around 35 mm Hg.404-406 This low-oxygen pressure allows the cells of the fetus to retain more carbon dioxide (the Haldane effect), which enhances cellular oxygenation and in turn cleans up the wound microenvironment and facilitates healing.407

Dr. Peat has mentioned another important factor involved in embryonic scarless healing: the uterus and placenta act as filters that let very little unsaturated fatty acids into the fetal environment; evidence of this can be seen in studies showing nearly all newborn babies are born deficient in the ‘essential’ fatty acids.408-412

“It is known that the child is virtually disease-free in the womb of the mother: only after the birth, do diatheses and all other abnormalities of metabolism appear,” said Dr. Buteyko in a lecture at Moscow State University in 1969.413 “After birth, during the first breaths,” he continued, “there is a sudden increase in blood oxygenation and a sudden drop in CO2.” This, according to Buteyko, is why babies have been traditionally tightly swaddled and sometimes even tightened to a wooden plate: “Folk wisdom understood, that this air, so poisonous for the newborn, requires gradual adaptation.”

Interestingly, scientists studying the oral soft tissues of adult humans and pigs have discovered similarly rapid and scarless regenerative capacities;414-417 “Wound healing in the oral mucosa proceeds faster than in skin and clinical observations have suggested that mucosal wounds rarely scar,” wrote Canadian researchers from the University of British Columbia in 2009.418

Just as the mechanisms behind the flawless healing ability of the developing embryo and fetus remain a mystery in the published literature, scientists are baffled by this one too. A group of researchers looking at cellular genetics of oral tissue made the following useful observation: “The striking difference between these tissues is transient and rapidly resolving inflammation in oral wounds compared with long-lasting inflammation in the skin wounds.”414

In 1971, scientists from Boston, Massachusetts measured oxygen levels in the human mouth and found oxygen pressure was significantly reduced.419 Just like the growing embryo in the womb, oral soft tissues accumulate increased carbon dioxide, stimulating oxidative metabolism and thus rapid, scarless regeneration.

Stem Cells & The Healing Process

If we define healing as the repair or replacement of defective cells with functioning ones, then the process has a lot to do with stem cells. Stem cells are like the body’s rescue crew; anytime cells are injured they home to the injured tissue and either repair the damage or differentiate into the required cells and serve as replacements.386,420-431

Stem cell therapy - where doctors harvest stem cells from the bone marrow or fat tissue of patients and then administer it back to them – is portrayed by the media to be a highly-sophisticated medical innovation reserved for those who can afford the luxury. The irony is that the public is being sold something that is a normal part of the body’s healing process. "It is well established that tissue repair depends on stem cells…” wrote researchers from the United Kingdom in 2012.432

The difference between a wound that heals, like the rapid and flawlessly healing embryo and adult oral soft tissues and a ‘cancer’ wound that’s struggling to heal, is the extracellular conditions surrounding the wound when stem cells arrive.

Stem Cells Meet the Tumor Microenvironment

Interleukin-8,433,434 vascular endothelial growth factor,435 nerve growth factor,436 hepatocyte growth factor,437 nitric oxide 438,439 and estrogen 440,441 are some of the substances released by injured cells that signal the trafficking of stem cells to a wound.

Normally, the inbound stem cells would repopulate the tissues that have been damaged or lost, but since stem cells respond to the signals in their immediate environment,442-445 abnormal substances within the tumor microenvironment send the wrong instructions and cause them to fail to complete the task. For example, the presence of toxic heavy metals like arsenic or cadmium in the tumor microenvironment will transform incoming stem cells into cancer cells.446,447 Furthermore, all of the substances located within the tumor microenvironment of untreated cancer patients also happen to promote carcinogenesis; so just as chemical carcinogens can induce metabolic dysfunction in arriving stem cells, the wide range of other stress and inflammatory substances in the tumor microenvironment also initiate aerobic glycolysis.313,504,869-881

“Cancer, the disease, is much more than a cellular defect. Most of the cells in a tumor are so defective that they are in the process of dying, and in that process they recruit replacement cells, which experience the same damaging conditions. The local and regional extracellular conditions, and the condition of the host, are just as central to the disease as the failing mitochondria.”
- Dr. Raymond Peat

Although many people believe tumor growth occurs as a consequence of rapidly dividing tumor cells, Scottish researchers made a remarkable discovery in 1972 that revealed an entirely different process. Using electron microscopes in their laboratory at the University of Aberdeen, Andrew H. Wyllie and his colleagues found that the rate of cell death in tumors was enormous; and that cell division alone could only account for less than 5% of cells present in a growing tumor.448-450

What could account for the other 95% of cells in a tumor?

When conditions surrounding an injury are defective, incoming stem cells are immediately injured and recruit additional stem cells which also become injured. As this chronic influx of stem cells and high rate of cell death continues, cells - both living and dead - begin to accumulate within the injured region, forming what is commonly referred to as… a tumor. “Wounding recruits these cells from the follicle to the wound site,…giving rise to superficial BCC [basal cell carcinoma]-like tumors. These findings demonstrate that BCC-like tumors can originate from follicular stem cells and provide an explanation for the association between wounding and tumorigenesis,” wrote scientists from the Cardiovascular Research Institute at the University of California in 2011.451

These fairly recent discoveries - that a constant flux of stem cells are responsible for tumor formation, growth and metastasis - have been confirmed so thoroughly 452-458 that even the cancer establishment has acknowledged them; except they’ve adapted them to fit in with their imaginary ‘mutant boogeyman’ theory of cancer, claiming that “cancer stem cells” are the true “villains” that need to be “eradicated” during cancer therapy. The fact that scientists would actually suggest killing the body’s repair cells as a treatment for cancer exposes an astonishing lack of understanding about the disease.459-474

We’ve seen what happens to tumors when medicines like oranges, sodium bicarbonate and coconut oil work to normalize the tumor microenvironment. It’s precisely these alterations that allow homing stem cells to repair damage and differentiate into healthy replacement cells, just as they do in a wounded embryo.

Stem Cells Meet the Embryonic Microenvironment

During the differentiation process of a stem cell into a specific cell type, some key metabolic changes take place: the number of mitochondria are increased, the cell begins consuming more oxygen and produces more energy as a result of the activation of the more efficient, aerobic metabolism.475 “Cell differentiation is associated with an increase in mitochondrial content and activity and with a metabolic shift toward increased oxidative phosphorylation activity.”476 In other words, an environment that signals cellular respiration is essential for successful stem cell differentiation.477-479

When a team of international scientists added embryonic stem cells to the blood serum of cancer patients, the cells transformed into cancer cells,480 and conversely, experiments conducted as early as 1959 have demonstrated that implanting cancer cells into mouse, zebrafish and chicken embryos causes them to revert back into healthy, respiring cells.481-492 ”Indeed, our group and others have elucidated the unique ability of embryonic microenvironments to normalize aggressive melanoma cells toward a more benign melanocytic phenotype,” wrote American scientists from Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine in 2013.493

The high levels of carbon dioxide within a fetus or embryo - in addition to rapidly driving oxygen into cells and lowering virtually all of the stress and inflammatory factors within the wound microenvironment 908-925 – powerfully inhibit the generation of free radicals by keeping cells fully-oxidizing glucose for energy (preventing ‘free radical’ electron leakage from the transport chain) and also by preventing accidental free radical reactions from occurring within the blood; for example, involving unsaturated fats and heavy metals like iron.494-501 “The results testify to the fact that CO2 is a powerful inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by cells…”502 As a result of this incredibly nurturing CO2-rich embryonic environment, an embryo is able to withstand exposure to 10x more chemical toxins than an adult.503

After discovering that inflammation in fetal wound healing is minimal and resolves rapidly,364,505 scientists looking more closely at the fetal/embryonic wound environment have observed decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1,386 interleukin-6,505 interleukin-8,506 tumor necrosis-factor alpha,386 tumor growth factor beta507 and prostaglandins.508 Tumor growth factor beta (TGFb), which is absent in fetal wounds and abundant in tumor microenvironments, metabolically reprograms cells to shift to aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect).509

Most of the inflammatory mediators present in the ‘defective’ microenvironment of a tumor which are absent from the ‘flawless-healing’ fetal wound environment - interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor growth factor beta and prostaglandins - can all be induced by one single dietary constituent: unsaturated fat.510-515

Cancer and the Immune System

In 1909, German physician and scientist Paul Erhlich first proposed the existence of an immune ‘surveillance’ system in the body capable of eliminating transformed cells before they are clinically noticed.535,536 Since then, it has been confirmed that this system does exist and scientists have been documenting a consistent association between a malfunctioning immune system and cancer development in both mice 537-542 and humans.543-550 Epidemiological research has concluded, “Immune-suppressed populations experience higher rates of cancer than expected.”551

In 1974, American immunologist Dr. George Friou stated the formation of cancer is not uncommon and cellular defects are overcome by a functional immune system before they develop into recognizable malignancies.552 And in 2011, an Italian-American research team wrote, “Occult microscopic cancers are exceedingly common in the general population and are held in a dormant state by a balance between cell proliferation and cell death and also an intact host immune surveillance.”553

Laughter has been shown to enhance the immune systems of cancer patients 554 and also decrease the risk of heart disease.555

Regular exercise of moderate intensity has been shown to boost the immune system 556,557 and reduce the risk of cancer,558-561 while endurance or excessively intense exercise, both of which significantly elevate lactic acid production 562-564 and cause carbon dioxide loss through hyperventilation,565 have been shown to impair immune function.566-570

For decades, vegetable oil (unsaturated fat) has been recognized as a drug that can knockout the immune system.571-577 In fact, unsaturated fats are so potently immunosuppressive that they’ve been used specifically to disable the immune systems of kidney transplant patients to prevent their bodies from rejecting the foreign tissue.578-580 One way unsaturated fats do this is by shrinking the thymus gland; an organ critical for immune function;581 and they also directly kill white blood cells, which are the most important part of the immune system.582

Thyroid Hormone, Cholesterol and Cancer

Thyroid hormone is an essential component of cellular respiration; without it oxygen use and the production of carbon dioxide by cells cannot occur.583-588 Thyroid hormone exerts two primary actions: First, it rapidly activates respiration,661-666 which can be seen within minutes of a thyroid hormone injection, and secondly - within a few days of a thyroid injection - thyroid hormone stimulates the biogenesis of additional mitochondria within cells.667-672

Thyroid hormone is also used by the body to produce steroid hormones, which are some of the most powerful defenders against cancer and diseases in general. These hormones include pregnenolone, progesterone, DHEA and testosterone, which all seem to have similar anti-stress, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer effects mediated by the activation of oxidative metabolism.589-602,673 The production of these hormones begins with thyroid hormone converting cholesterol into pregnenolone, and subsequently, pregnenolone can be converted into all of the other steroids. What’s critical to understand is that without adequate cholesterol and thyroid hormone, none of these steroid hormones can be produced.

Impaired memory,604,605 increased aggressive behavior and suicide,606-608 and increased mortality from cardiovascular disease,609-612 stroke and cancer,613-616 are all consequences of not having enough cholesterol. The weight of evidence showing the detrimental effects of low cholesterol has recently become so titanic, that in 2015, the FDA completely reversed their position on cholesterol - a position held for over 50 years - officially removing the ‘upper limit’ on cholesterol consumption. In other words, there’s no amount of dietary cholesterol you can consume that is bad for you.603

With this in mind, one of the primary ways the public has been sold on the ‘essentiality’ of unsaturated fat is that it potently inhibits LDL cholesterol synthesis.617-620 “Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids derived from fish oils lower the plasma concentrations of low density lipoproteins (LDL) and very low density lipoproteins in humans.”621 If cholesterol was unhealthy, then lowering it would be a good thing, but the research is exceptionally clear that inhibiting cholesterol synthesis by eating unsaturated fat (or in any other way, for example, statin drugs) will eventually lead to cancer and other degenerative diseases.

Anybody concerned about having high cholesterol should know that this situation has long been associated with a deficiency of thyroid (hypothyroidism).622-648 “The thyroid hormone is required for using and eliminating cholesterol, so cholesterol is likely to be raised by anything which blocks the thyroid function,” wrote Dr. Peat. Supplementation with a dessicated thyroid supplement (dry powdered thyroid gland pressed into a tablet) can be used to convert cholesterol into valuable hormones.

For decades, Dr. Peat has been saying that unsaturated fats, which include any oils that are liquid at room temperature, aside from olive oil (which contains about 11% unsaturated fat 650), are potent inhibitors of thyroid function.649

Unsaturated oils obstruct thyroid hormone at every turn - including its secretion from the thyroid gland,651 its transport through the blood,652 its conversation in the liver,653 its uptake by tissues 654 and its use inside cells.655 This helps to explain why diets high in unsaturated ‘essential’ fatty acids promote weight gain and why animals made deficient in unsaturated fats are leaner and have higher metabolic rates, meaning they produce greater levels of energy and carbon dioxide as a result of increased oxidative metabolic activity.656-660

In summary: Thyroid hormone and the anti-aging steroid hormones it produces are essential for cellular respiration. Both thyroid hormone and cholesterol are essential for producing these hormones, and unsaturated fatty acids potently inhibit both thyroid hormone and cholesterol synthesis.

CO2, Unsaturated Fats and Aging

Since our lives begin in the womb with extraordinary health – characterized by optimal levels of carbon dioxide – and end with disease, characterized by a deficiency of carbon dioxide, it stands to reason that carbon dioxide gradually decreases with age. There’s another very important thing that happens with age.

“We have conducted a systematic literature review of studies reporting the concentration of LA [Linoleic Acid/omega-6/unsaturated fat] in subcutaneous adipose tissue of US cohorts. Our results indicate that adipose tissue LA has increased by 136% over the last half century and that this increase is highly correlated with an increase in dietary LA intake over the same period of time,” reported American researchers in 2015.516

It’s no coincidence that as we age, decreasing levels of carbon dioxide are directly accompanied by an increased accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids in our tissues.516-526

Scientists have found that cytochrome c oxidase enzyme activity (and thus carbon dioxide production) in rats also declines with age,527,528 while simultaneously cardiolipin, a major mitochondrial lipid that interacts directly with cytochrome c oxidase and plays a pivotal role in cellular respiration,529-532 becomes increasingly unsaturated.533 Feeding aged rats hydrogenated peanut oil (100% saturated fat) “completely restored” the respiratory enzyme activity in their muscles “to 80% of the value observed in muscles of young animals.”534

In summary: Aging is a consequence of reduced levels of carbon dioxide in the body caused primarily by the increased accumulation of dietary unsaturated fatty acids in body tissues.

The Primary Fuel for a Tumor

Discovered nearly 100 years ago by British medical scientist Philip Randle,690 the Randle effect describes the observation that – similar to an “on” and “off” switch – having more glucose (sugar) than fat circulating in the blood will cause cells to metabolize sugar rather than fat, and reciprocally, having more fatty acids in the blood will cause cells to metabolize fat rather than sugar.691

While cancer cells do consume large amounts of sugar initially, once the bloodstream runs low on sugar (hypoglycemia), muscle will be catabolized into amino acids and fat mobilized from fat stores, which inhibit the use of glucose (the Randle effect) by cells - so tumor cells rely mostly on fat and protein for energy.692-696

The Randle effect also explains the metabolism of a person with diabetes. Like all diseases, excessive stress has mobilized fatty acids into the bloodstream, shutting off the body’s ability to use glucose. This situation is so similar to what’s happening in a person with cancer that the association between diabetes and cancer has been called ‘a two-way street.’697-704

Aside from chronically elevated stress hormones, some of the adverse effects of fat and protein metabolism include: fat metabolism produces less carbon dioxide (per unit of oxygen consumed),964-966 and protein metabolism results in the production of ammonia - “a highly toxic substance,”705 which further promotes glycolysis and increases lactic acid production.706-708

Low blood sugar, caused by fasting, starvation, avoiding dietary carbohydrates, or exercise (unless adequate sugar is consumed during the workout), stimulates the same stress metabolism as a person with cancer. This explains why most heart attacks occur in the early morning hours,882 following an overnight ‘fast’ during sleep.

In 2017, researchers from the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology in Spain investigated cancer cell metabolism and discovered that cancer metastasis relies on a single molecule whose function is to allow cells to absorb fat, called CD36. “The use of neutralizing antibodies to block CD36 causes almost complete inhibition of metastasis,” they reported.709 This study indicates that fat is required in order for cancer metastasis to occur. One year prior to this study, Spanish researchers also established a similarly remarkable finding: the ability of cancer cells to grow and proliferate is exclusively dependent on fat, which they called the “Achilles heel” of cancer.710

Animal experiments have determined that high fat diets of any kind will increase the frequency of cancer, but that it’s the type of fat that determines the magnitude;711-723 “Polyunsaturated vegetable oils enhance carcinogenesis more effectively than saturated fats;”724 “In general, high dietary levels of unsaturated fats (e.g., corn oil, sunflower-seed oil) stimulate this tumorigenic process more than high levels of saturated fats (e.g., beef tallow, coconut oil).”725

Furthermore, the greater the degree of unsaturation, the more carcinogenic the fat is.726-731

A Closer Look…

In 1998, Netherland researchers from the University of Amsterdam divided rats into three groups and fed them either - a low fat diet, a fish oil diet (omega-3), or a safflower oil diet (omega-6) - just three weeks before injecting colon cancer cells into their veins to induce tumors. “At 3 weeks after tumor transplantation, the fish oil diet and the safflower oil diet had induced, respectively, 10- and 4-fold more metastases (number) and over 1000- and 500-fold more metastases (size) than were found in the livers of rats on the low-fat diet.”729

In 1994, researchers from the University of Georgia compared the effects of feeding rats a high fat fish oil (omega-3) diet with a high fat corn oil (omega-6) diet. In the group of rats fed omega-3’s - the most highly-unsaturated fat found in nature730 – researchers found the largest increase in oxidative stress; “The omega-3 diet showed 675% increase in basal oxidation, a 2624% increase in auto-oxidation and a 4244% increase in iron-ascorbate catalyzed oxidation compared to the omega-6 diet in mammary tissue homogenates.”731

In 1987, Dr. Leonard Sauer and his colleague looked at the effects of prolonged fasting on the growth of tumors in rats. The researchers found that tumor growth was increased in proportion to the availability of fat released from fat stores, substantiating the finding that tumor growth is dependent on fat.732

Here’s the kicker: No tumor growth occurred in the young rats - only in the adult rats - meaning the fats deemed essential for tumor growth were predominantly unsaturated. In other words, unsaturated fat is not only the primary fuel that drives tumor growth, but a tumor cannot exist without it.

When scientists from the University of Wisconsin fed rats a diet containing 5% corn oil for 6 months - 80% of the rats developed tumors. When they fed them hydrogenated coconut oil, containing 100% saturated fat, no liver tumors developed; “The feeding of the fatty acids of hydrogenated coconut oil lowered the incidence of hepatomas to zero.”733

In rats chemically induced with pancreatic cancer, after 4 months, “Grossly visible tumors increased significantly in number as the EFA [essential fatty acid] content of the diet increased,”734 and a number of studies have found that tumorigenesis could only be induced if a certain amount of unsaturated fat was included in the diet;735-737 confirming what Dr. Peat has been stating boldly and repeatedly for decades:

“Cancer cannot exist unless there are unsaturated fatty acids in the diet.”
- Dr. Raymond Peat

The Self-Amplifying Stress Response

In life-threatening situations, stress can save our lives by helping us physically escape danger; but in the modern world where stress is triggered more frequently, it can eventually result in disease and death.

During a stress response, stress hormones are released to break down muscle and fat tissues for emergency fuel, and depending on the composition of fats released into the bloodstream – which depends entirely on what foods we’ve chosen to eat in our lifetimes - two diametrically opposing reactions can occur.

Saturated Fat

When mostly saturated free fatty acids enter our bloodstream during stress, they will be oxidized for energy and at the same time inhibit additional stress hormones from being produced;674-677 which quickly shuts off the stress response once the stressful situation is over.

Unsaturated Fat

When mostly unsaturated free fatty acids enter our bloodstream during stress, they will be oxidized for energy and at the same time – due to their toxicity - trigger the production of additional stress hormones,678-684 which cause more unsaturated free fatty acids to be released, causing more stress hormones to be produced in a vicious circle.

“Various tumor cell-derived and contextual cues feed constantly this vicious circuitry sustaining inflammation and promoting proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and eventually metastasis,” wrote scientists from the University of Athens Medical School in 2013.689

If our tissues are comprised of mostly saturated fat, our stress response will be self-limiting, but if our tissues are comprised of mostly unsaturated fat, then our stress response will be self-amplifying; and when the self-amplifying stress response overwhelms the body’s ability to deal with it - the stress will never be switched off; and cancer and diseases will emerge.

Interrupting the Vicious Cycle of Stress

Anytime highly-reactive molecules like unsaturated free fatty acids are put into an environment rich in oxygen, the two will react - and the fat particles will be broken down into toxic fragments. And as the temperature of that oxygen-rich environment is increased, these reactions are enhanced; so between the toxic excess of oxygen in the air we breathe 738,739 and our relatively high body temperatures, the human body is a perfect setting for these oxidative reactions to occur.

One class of breakdown products (metabolites), which arise from oxidation of the unsaturated fat arachidonic acid (omega-6), that are heavily implicated in cancer growth and progression, are called prostaglandins.740-748 Researchers studying dietary fat have suggested that prostaglandins might be the underlying reason why unsaturated fats promote tumor formation and saturated fats don’t.711

Prostaglandins can also at least partly explain why feeding pigs diets containing unsaturated fat, which is common practice in convention pig farming, damages their lung function,759 or why heart disease can be induced by eating unsaturated fat and prevented by adding cocoa butter (saturated fat) to the diet.760

The direct stimulation of cortisol 677-684 and estrogen 685-688 by unsaturated fatty acids as well as the prostaglandins produced from them are probably the three key factors sustaining the vicious cycle of stress and toxic tumor microenvironment that prevents stem cells from repairing a tumor wound.

Even if our tissues are brimming with unsaturated fatty acids, as long as they don’t enter our bloodstream, none of these negative effects will occur, and therefore, finding ways to prevent unsaturated fatty acids from entering our bloodstream - so they can be safely detoxified from our tissues by the liver - is the paramount strategy for interrupting the vicious cycle of stress sustaining a tumor.

Dietary Considerations

Since unsaturated fatty acids can enter the bloodstream either through exogenous (eating them) or from endogenous (released from tissues during stress) sources, the first step in healing a tumor (or preventing one) involves minimizing consumption of unsaturated fats or ideally, eliminating them from the diet entirely.

After inducing tumors in mice and amplifying their tumor size by feeding them high fat corn oil diets - researchers switched the mice to fat-free diets and after 20 weeks, tumors regressed in about half of the rats, and in some cases, completely disappeared.761

In the interest of cancer prevention, one strategy that Dr. Peat recommends for protecting the body when eating at a restaurant or a meal containing unsaturated fat, is supplemental vitamin E, which is probably based on evidence showing that vitamin E reduces lipid peroxidation caused by unsaturated fat,762-764 meaning essentially that it saturates it.

Although consuming saturated fats like coconut oil can dilute the unsaturated fat content in the blood of a cancer patient and successfully interrupt the stress response, even coconut oil contains about 3% unsaturated fat, so a fat-free diet might be a better strategy. Hydrogenated coconut oil, however, would be a great medicine for cancer patients since it provides no inhibitory unsaturated fatty acids.

We’ve previously established that oranges, coconut oil and baking soda inhibit estrogen, cortisol and prostaglandins - suggesting they inhibit the movement of free fatty acids into the blood (lipolysis) - and there’s one medicine in particular that can be used in conjunction with these foods to inhibit lipolysis probably more effectively than any other known substance.

Cancer Medicine

The enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins, which is highly expressed at sites of inflammation, like wounds and tumors,741,743-746,765-770 is called COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2).771 “Cyclooxygenase-2 is frequently overexpressed in many cancers and is functionally involved in the pathogenesis of tumours. Therefore, it represents an important target for pharmaceutical intervention,” wrote Swiss researchers from the Institute of Cell Biology in Zurich.354

Drugs that inhibit the COX-2 enzyme have been shown to significantly prevent cancer, including a 40-50% reduction in the incidence of colorectal cancer in people taking COX-2 inhibitors (which was directly attributed to decreased prostaglandins) and reduce the growth of existing tumors, in both animals and in humans.742-744,775-782 And since prostaglandins are one of the mechanisms by which unsaturated fats knockout the immune system,783-788 anything that inhibits COX-2 will also stimulate the immune system.785

Interestingly, all drugs classified as COX-2 inhibitors, for example, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, etc., have been shown to be extremely toxic and increase the risk of heart disease, except one.

Aspirin

Comprised of acetic acid (found in vinegar) and salicylic acid (found in willow bark, fruit and vegetables 789), aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is a safe and inexpensive drug that can effectively inhibit the enzyme COX-2.

Ancient Egyptians used willow bark extract thousands of years ago to help mothers cope with the pain of childbirth,790 and this same medicine is still being widely used today for the same and many other purposes.

In 2016, after analyzing the available scientific evidence, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force officially began recommending daily low-dose aspirin for people aged 50 to 69 to prevent heart disease, stroke and cancer.791 Even the Acting Director of the U.S. National Cancer Institute Dr. Douglas Lowy publically endorsed the use of daily low-dose aspirin as a cancer preventive,792 which can reduce the cancer death rate by 30%, heart disease by 22% and stroke by 17% and save 900,000 lives over the next 20 years, according to a 2016 study from the University of California.793 A 2016 systematic review concluded aspirin was as effective as screening for preventing colon cancer incidence and mortality; meaning daily low-dose aspirin can completely replace an annual colonoscopy.794

Aspirin works in part by inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme that converts unsaturated fatty acids into prostaglandins – but aspirin is far more than just a COX-2 inhibitor. Aspirin directly inhibits the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream (lipolysis)795-797 and it also inhibits the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cortisol.798 So while aspirin prevents the production of prostaglandins, it’s also inhibiting cortisol production and lipolysis, which cuts off the direct estrogenic, anti-thyroid and immunosuppressive effects of unsaturated fatty acids.

When you eliminate toxic unsaturated fats from the equation with medicines like aspirin, the vicious cycle of stress seen in cancer is shut off, damaged cells are repaired, mitochondrial respiration is restored,799 carbon dioxide levels rise and amazing things begin to take place.

Aspirin can reduce pain,800 prevent cataracts,801,802 protect the brain from glutamate 803 and nitric oxide toxicity,804 prevent neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases,805 improve insulin sensitivity in diabetics, enhance brain function,806 alleviate depression,807 chelate toxic heavy metal iron,808 prevent damage from ionizing radiation,809,810 prevent miscarriage,811 improve fertility,812 extend the lifespan of nematodes by up to 23%;813,814 of mice by 10%;815 and of yeast by almost 400%; in fact, the active ingredient in aspirin was found to be more effective at extending lifespans than over 10,000 other plant extracts tested.816

Highlights of the anti-cancer effects of aspirin in vitro and in animal studies include stopping the growth of endometrial tumors,817 triggering apoptosis in gastric cancer cells,818 preventing lung tumor formation 819 and shrinking fibrosarcoma tumors by 30%.820

A groundbreaking study by scientists at the University of Kansas Medical Center in 2015 administered the human-equivalent dose of a single 325mg aspirin tablet to mice with breast tumors and found that aspirin not only prevented tumor growth, but it actually ‘reprogrammed’ stem cells to begin differentiating and repairing the damage, instead of becoming injured and maintaining tumor mass.821

Human breast cancer patients were treated with aspirin in a study from the Bose Institute in Kolkata, India in 2010, and researchers found that aspirin completely stopped tumor growth in 80% of patients.822 At doses as low as 100mg/day, aspirin can halt the growth of non-metastatic human pancreatic and colon cancer cells, and at doses between 3-12 grams/day it can halt the growth of metastatic cancer cells.823

Aspirin’s effects on the tumor microenvironment are significant and include reductions in free radicals,824,825 tumor necrosis factor-alpha,826,827 interleukin-1,828 interleukin-4,829,830 interleukin-6,831-833 interleukin-8,834-836 interleukin-13,837 nuclear factor kappa-b,828 cortisol,838,839 adrenaline,840-843 high mobility group box 1 protein,844,845 vascular endothelial growth factor,846 epidermal growth factor,847,848 nitric oxide,849-852 lactic acid,853-855 estrogen 856-858 and serotonin.859,860

Aspirin Safety

Mainstream medicine seems devoted to bashing aspirin in the media; claiming it is a dangerous drug with lethal side effects like bleeding in the stomach or brain. But like every statement we hear in the media, our first response is to exert a healthy skepticism until we’ve investigated the subject for ourselves. So let’s take a look at some evidence and decide if the concerns surrounding aspirin use are warranted.

An extensive 2015 review looking at the safety of aspirin use in patients with aneurisms declared, “Aspirin has been found to be a safe in patients harboring cerebral aneurysms.” The researchers also cited a number of clinical studies in which aspirin was demonstrated to decrease the overall chances of rupture/brain bleeding in patients with aneurisms.861

Lebanese researchers examined mortality of patients admitted to hospital for gastrointestinal bleeding in 2015 and found, “being on aspirin was protective against in-hospital mortality, rebleeding, and predictive of a shorter hospital stay.”862

Another well-established benefit of aspirin is that repeated doses actually protect the stomach from damage caused by strong irritants.866 In 1995, Polish researchers from the Jagiellonian University School of Medicine found that administering human-equivalent doses of 1.5 grams of aspirin to rats for 5 days enhanced their resistance to stomach irritation; “Gastric adaptation to ASA enhances the mucosal resistance to injury by strong irritants…” they concluded.867

So how is it possible that aspirin can both prevent stomach and brain bleeding while simultaneously causing it? The doses used may have a lot to do with it. Dr. Peat has mentioned that in animal experiments where aspirin was found to produce stomach ulcers/bleeding, enormous single human-equivalent doses of anywhere between 10 and 100 aspirin tablets have been used;864 basically these studies were designed to produce ulcers. So for all practical purposes, typical doses used by people will not even come close to having these effects and the evidence seems to substantiate this.

In 2000, researchers from the United Kingdom investigated the effects of low-dose asprin on the formation of ulcers or stomach damage. Results showed that low-doses of aspirin caused no increase in intestinal permeability, ulcers or stomach damage; “Aspirin caused no inflammation or ulcers.” However, when the researchers tested aspirin use in combination with the highly-toxic drug dinitrophenol, they found that stomach ulcers did form.865

Since people often take multiple other drugs together with aspirin, it makes you wonder if reports of stomach bleeding have been caused by other medications being used at the same time as aspirin, and yet aspirin has taken the blame. Contrary to rumors that aspirin can cause deadly stomach bleeding, a 2016 review and meta-analysis by an international team of researchers found no evidence of aspirin ever causing fatal stomach bleeding.863

From my own experience, I’ve read about and experimented with dozens of different supplements, nutrients and drugs over the past decade and nothing has even come close to being as helpful for me as aspirin; I feel it has completely turned my health around, which began when I upped my dose from 1 to 3 tablets (about 1 gram) per day. For the past 8 months, I’ve been taking between 3-5 grams of aspirin daily and it’s allowed me to keep my energy levels high and stress levels low enough to sit, stand and think while writing this book at an intense pace for usually 8 to 12 hours a day. While I did notice slight irritation when I first increased my dose of aspirin, I’ve certainly never experienced any stomach bleeding from it; in fact, my stomach seemed to adapt rather quickly and I no longer have any issues at all.

It seems the fears being pushed by the media regarding aspirin use are vastly overstated and that the decreased risk of heart attack, stroke, cancer and the many other benefits aspirin delivers greatly outweigh any minor risk that may exist. The fact that aspirin is unpatented, costs next to nothing, and has the potential to completely replace everything the cancer industry has to offer and most of what the drug industry has to offer might have a lot to do with the deliberate falsehoods and scare tactics being endorsed in the media.

When purchasing aspirin, be sure to read the ingredients list as many companies have been adding harmful chemicals to their tablets. The best options seem to be either pure aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) powder or tablets containing only aspirin and either cornstarch or cellulose. Buy these, boycott the rest, and drug companies can either clean up their asprin products or go out of business.

Carbohydrates and Cancer

It’s interesting that for the past half century our society has vilified saturated fat and now that evidence has overwhelmingly shown that saturated fat doesn’t ‘clog your arteries’ or have any negative impact on human health, government food recommendations have switched to vilifying sugar. Everyone knows sugar makes you fat, right?

Here’s an inconvenient truth: In 2011, Australian researchers compared sugar consumption and obesity rates in Australia, the UK and USA, and found that between the years 1980-2003, Australian obesity rates increased 3-fold while sugar consumption decreased by 23%.883

Coconut oil stimulates weight loss by diluting the content of unsaturated fatty acids in the blood, which is marked by a boost in thyroid function and increased thermogenesis. Therefore, the higher your metabolic rate (the more your cells are respiring/the more carbon dioxide in your body), the leaner and less obese you will be. It is probable that dietary consumption of unsaturated fat - a major metabolic inhibitor that can be incredibly difficult to avoid eating - is the main culprit behind the increased obesity seen in Australians during this study period.

Since stress hormones are elevated primarily to replenish glucose stores in the blood, ingesting sugar is one of the quickest and most effective ways to turn off stress. A 1987 study published in Life Sciences examined the effects of different diets on hormonal production in men who ate either high carbohydrate diets (20% fat, 10% protein, 70% carbs) or low carbohydrate diets (20% fat, 44% protein 35% carbs). The results showed, “Testosterone concentrations in seven normal men were consistently higher after ten days on a high carbohydrate diet” and “cortisol concentrations were consistently lower during the high carbohydrate diet.”884 Another study came to similar conclusions: Two groups of men were asked to perform three consecutive days of intensive exercise training while consuming different diets - one consumed a diet containing 60% carbohydrates and the other 30% carbohydrates. Blood samples revealed that the men who ate low-carbohydrate diets had higher cortisol levels and lower testosterone levels compared to the men who ate high-carbohydrate diets.885 In both studies, carbohydrates had an androgenic and stress-reducing effect.

One useful way of looking at metabolism is that we have two options – the relaxed/health metabolism or the stressed/disease metabolism. Which one we spend the most of our time in is a choice we make everyday, primarily by the food we eat: either we eat sugar – yes, even plain white sugar - or in its absence, our body will elevate stress hormones and begin tearing itself apart in order to make sugar.

The fact that the body is willing to destroy itself to make glucose when it is lacking reveals how critical dietary consumption of sugar actually is. “Glucose metabolism in mitochondria through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is vital for cell function,” wrote scientists in 2015.224

In cancer, since sugar metabolism is switched off by the presence of free fatty acids in the bloodstream (the Randle effect), inhibiting lipolysis using medicines like aspirin will effectively switch cells back to metabolizing sugar. This, in combination with a diet containing adequate protein and high in carbohydrates, particularly from fruit, like oranges, will elevate the body’s supply of carbon dioxide, supporting a high metabolic rate and a disease-free organism.

There are a number of advanced healing technologies that can also be used as strategies for disease prevention, treatment, athletic performance enhancement and life extension.

Carbogen

In the 1940’s, fire trucks, police rescue crews and paramedics all across the United States were equipped with devices called ‘H-H Inhalators,’ which created a healing mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide - called carbogen - that was administered to patients during emergencies.886 The common practice of using carbogen by emergency response crews was spurred by the early 19th century work of Yale professor Dr. Yandell Henderson and his colleagues, whose pioneering research on carbogen uncovered some of the many virtues of the therapeutic inhalation of carbon dioxide.

The administration of pure oxygen to patients during emergency situations, which is standard practice today, lowers carbon dioxide levels (the Haldane effect), which constricts blood vessels887,888 and ironically, reduces tissue oxygenation 201-223 and the overall health status of patients.889,890 In a 2010 study published in the British Medical Journal, patients with COPD receiving high-flow oxygen had significantly increased rates of mortality compared to the titrated oxygen group.891 A 2016 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that giving less oxygen to patients in intensive care units reduced mortality.887 And animals administered 100% oxygen for just 1 hour had markedly worsened neurological outcomes than a control group of animals. Interestingly, the animals administered the excess of oxygen had increased oxidation of brain lipids (unsaturated fats) and increased neuronal cell death.892

In 1921, Dr. Henderson and his colleagues found that administering 8% carbon dioxide in air to patients after major surgical interventions facilitated a rapid return to consciousness and elimination of anesthetic.893 “The cutaneous circulation improved. The skin changed in color and temperature, from blue- gray and cold to pink and warm. The volume of the pulse, previously thready, rapidly became full; and arterial pressure was restored to normal… Nausea and vomiting were either greatly reduced or entirely absent and after the inhalation the patient dropped off to sleep,” wrote Henderson.

Carbogen can stimulate the breathing of babies in hospitals at birth, and also the breathing of patients with respiratory failure following severe alcohol intoxication, drowning, electric shock; it can even reverse a deep coma caused by severe carbon monoxide poisoning.894-897

“Experience has demonstrated that the return of natural breathing is considerably aided and accelerated by the administration oxygen and carbon dioxide from an inhalator, while artificial respiration is being applied.”
- Dr. Yandell Henderson

In dogs experimentally induced with pneumonia, their lungs were cleared and their pneumonia cured by putting them in closed chambers containing about 8% carbon dioxide in air for 12 to 24 hours, according to a study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine in 1930.898 By 1932, these findings were widely adopted by the medical community and treatment of pneumonia in humans with carbogen had become common practice; “Many cases of pneumonia have now been treated with inhalation of CO2 in O2,” wrote Dr. Henderson.899

Carbogen has clearly proven itself a highly-effective aid during emergency situations and in hospital settings and therefore, it’s of high priority that rescue crews and hospitals worldwide are re-equipped with H-H Inhalators and the use of carbogen be permanently reinstated.

In addition to helping people in emergency situations, carbogen inhalation therapy has also been shown to potently suppress seizures in epileptic patients 940 and significantly improve recovery rates in patients with sudden hearing loss.941 It has also been tested on people with cancer.

Carbon Dioxide Therapy

Carbon dioxide is a potent anti-inflammatory substance 901-907 that reverses cancer growth by rapidly oxygenating cells and lowering carcinogenic substances within the extracellular matrix of tumors, including interleukin-1,908 interleukin-1b,909 interleukin-6,908 interleukin-8,908 nuclear factor-kappa b,910,911 tumor necrosis-factor alpha,912 nitric oxide,913-915 free radicals,916 cortisol,917 prolactin,918,919 lactic acid,920-922 prostaglandins,923,924 and histamine,925 which in turn allows incoming stem cells to differentiate into healthy, replacement cells and complete the healing process.

When carbon dioxide levels are increased therapeutically, tumors shrink,326-328,900 and cancer metastasis - the number one cause of cancer mortality 329-336 – is prevented.75-77,337-341 There are a number of ways this can be accomplished.

Carbon Dioxide Injections

Japanese researchers experimented with carbon dioxide as a treatment for cancer in 2012 by directly injecting it into rat skin tumors at Kobe University School of Medicine. Published in the journal PLOS one, carbon dioxide injections were found to enrich cytochrome c oxidase activity, multiply the number of mitochondria in cells, trigger apoptosis in tumor cells and significantly reduce tumor volumes.926 In 2014, researchers from the same university injected carbon dioxide into another type of skin tumor - squamous cell carcinoma - and found that it triggered cancer cell apoptosis and reduced the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α),337 signifying tumor cells began receiving adequate oxygen.

Carbon Dioxide Baths

The benefits of bathing in naturally carbonated springs or baths infused with carbon dioxide have long been known in Europe337 and this type of therapy (balneotherapy) has been in use therapeutically since the Middle Ages.927 Interestingly, carbon dioxide is readily absorbed through the skin; 100 times more powerfully than water.934

In 1997, German researchers from the University of Freiburg compared the effects of soaking the lower legs of people in either fresh water or in carbon dioxide enriched water (1200mg CO2 per kg water). While legs immersed in fresh water were found to have no increase in circulation and little increase in oxygen use, researchers discovered that circulation in legs immersed in carbon dioxide enriched water was enhanced by 300% and oxygen pressure within tissues was increased by 10%.928 A number of other studies have confirmed that CO2-enriched baths significantly increase blood circulation and enhance cellular oxygenation.929-933

Slovakian researchers tested the effects of a series of 20 carbon dioxide baths on patients and assessed their health after the first, 10th and 20th sessions. Results confirmed that although the effects of the first bath were the most pronounced, “a series of carbon dioxide baths had a gradually improving effect.”935

423 patients with high blood pressure were given a 4-week course of carbon dioxide baths to determine the effects on blood pressure in 1989. Patients were randomly assigned to baths containing either high or low concentrations of carbon dioxide and the results showed, “A significant fall in blood pressure, both at rest and during exercise was observed in both groups during the course of treatment.”936

Japanese scientists tested the effects of carbon dioxide baths on the athletic performance of swimmers. Results showed that swimmers who underwent carbon dioxide baths prior to swimming had improved muscle performance, increased endurance and accumulated lower levels of lactic acid during their swim.937

For those looking to utilize carbon dioxide baths at home, it’s useful to know that the CO2-enriched bathwater used in many of these studies was generated by adding products containing sodium bicarbonate and an acid to water; commonly known as bath bombs.

Carbogen Inhalation Therapy

Scientists experimenting with the use of carbogen on cancer patients have confirmed its effectiveness for improving tumor oxygenation;942-949 “This study confirms that breathing 2% CO2 and 98% O2 is well tolerated and effective in increasing tumour oxygenation.”950 In normal rats and in rats with implanted brain tumors, inhalation of 5% carbogen was found to increase brain tissue oxygenation by “at least 100%,”951 and cancer patients administered 4 minutes of 100% oxygen, followed by 10 minutes of room air, and then 4 minutes of 5% carbogen had improved tumor oxygenation by an average of 21-times.952

Most of these studies were testing carbogen to see if it could improve the ‘effectiveness’ of either radiotherapy or chemotherapy, so there are no reports of the fate of a tumor following carbogen administration on its own - but by now we’re well aware of what happens when carbon dioxide meets a tumor and its environment.

Capnometry

In recent years, the revival of Warburg’s finding that cancer cells produce lactic acid as a result of aerobic glycolysis has inspired some doctors to begin measuring blood levels of lactic acid as a way of diagnosing cancer.938

Since healthy cells produce carbon dioxide and malfunctioning cells produce lactic acid - a person who is healthy will have high levels of carbon dioxide and low levels of lactic acid, while a person who is ill will have low levels of carbon dioxide and high levels of lactic acid; and therefore, blood levels of lactic acid and carbon dioxide are the two most accurate indicators of overall health.

As it turns out, the concentration of carbon dioxide present in the exhaled breath, which can be measured using a device called a capnometer, is an accurate way of determining arterial levels of carbon dioxide in the body 939 and can therefore be used by anyone, at home, to determine their overall level of health and as an assessment tool during disease treatment.

Health Rising

If there is a creator of man and all of nature, and there seems to be no shortage of evidence for this, then it appears our creator has a plan. Prior to 1800, the concentrations of carbon dioxide in Earth’s air were said to have been 280ppm 953 and in 2015, measurements revealed that the rising CO2 levels had officially surpassed the 400ppm (0.04%) mark. Remarkably, carbon dioxide concentrations in our air are not just rising - they’re rising exponentially.954-957

And if that news wasn’t good enough - the toxic, excessive levels of oxygen in our air have simultaneously been in exponential decline; 0.1% (1000ppm) over the past 100 years, according to a 2016 study by researchers from Princeton University.958 Oxygen levels in all of the world’s oceans are dropping at an even faster rate; a 2015 study published in nature found that oceanic oxygen levels have declined more than 2% since 1960.959

For those still uncomfortable with the idea that reduced oxygen is something beneficial for life - remember that less oxygen in our air means more carbon dioxide in our bodies, which drives oxygen into cells. Here are a few more fascinating examples to further illustrate this effect.

In the 1980’s, Russian researchers transplanted tumors into rats and then took them to high altitudes to see the effects of hypoxia (reduced oxygen) on their recovery. These studies showed that hypoxic high-altitude environments inhibited tumor growth;960 “It was shown in rat experiments that high-altitude hypoxia inhibits the growth of transplantable tumors…”961 Furthermore, some of the rats in these studies were given chemotherapy, and not only did high-altitude hypoxia help them recover, but it significantly diminished the toxicity of the chemotherapy drugs.960,961

In 2011, scientists from Harvard Medical School studied the effects of hypoxia on tumor progression in vivo. After transplanting lung tumors into rats and then putting them in environments containing 10% oxygen for 14 days, researchers found that tumor growth and cancer metastasis were both significantly suppressed.962

While the beneficial effects of exponentially increasing carbon dioxide levels and exponentially decreasing oxygen levels in our environment are certainly being felt and make for a promising future, like the naked mole rat, frogs, bats, bees and many other living creatures, I think it’s time we begin focusing our attention on how to optimize our environment even further. Identifying the ideal concentration of these two gases in air might be a good starting point.

The End of All Disease

Current carbon dioxide levels in sea level air are currently only 0.04% and oxygen levels are 21%963 - an environment that Dr. Buteyko once called ‘poisonous in its composition;’ containing 10-times more oxygen and 250-times less carbon dioxide than what our bodies need. “…the cells of animals and humans need about 7% CO2 and only 2% O2 in the surrounding environment. This is the way our cells live: cells of the heart, brain, and kidneys,” explained Dr. Buteyko.

	Oxygen	Carbon Dioxide
Current Concentration	21%	0.04%
Target Concentration	2%	7%

Once the most efficient methods of achieving these environmental modifications have been realized and implemented, human beings, animals and nature will be virtually immune to the harmful effects of all environmental contaminants, and the day will soon follow when humankind witnesses an end to all suffering and disease.

Until then, that the people now have the understanding needed to heal themselves, independent of doctors and systems of healthcare, means they are free.

CONCLUSION

The cancer establishment maintains that cancer is a genetic disease, but the metabolic nature of cancer was established almost 100 years ago by Dr. Otto Warburg. Since then the genetic theory of cancer has been disproven repeatedly and Warburg’s metabolic theory confirmed repeatedly, yet the cancer industry continues to ignore the truth. To this day, the public remains ‘officially’ uninformed that cancer is a metabolic disease which is both preventable and reversible.

Dr. Otto Warburg observed that cancer cells were nothing but normal cells with malfunctioning mitochondria – not a biological terrorist-type cell that’s on a killing spree. This observation has been validated numerous times since Warburg, perhaps most notably by the elite Russian Scientist Konstantin Buteyko. Buteyko’s conclusion after a lifetime of work in search of the root cause of disease was that all people with suboptimal health, including cancer, have one thing in common: A deficiency of carbon dioxide in the body. This situation arises because in cells with malfunctioning mitochondria, lactate is rendered as a byproduct of metabolism instead of carbon dioxide.

Paradigm Shift: A Biological understanding of cancer

The development of cancer is characterized by a shift inside the body from high levels of carbon dioxide and low levels of lactate to low levels of carbon dioxide and high levels of lactate. This altered environment is the result of cells progressively losing their ability to utilize oxygen and glucose efficiently. When cells utilize oxygen and glucose efficiently, they render the healing carbon dioxide that is required for health. When cells lose their ability to utilize oxygen and glucose efficiently, they render lactate, which perpetuates the cancer metabolism.

It should be known by all that the most accurate ways to diagnose cancer are either to test for lactate levels in the blood (or other body fluids) or for carbon dioxide in the exhaled breath. Many doctors have realized this in recent years and are beginning to put it into practice.

If elevated lactate or a deficiency of carbon dioxide is found in the body, it means that a significant number of cells are inefficiently producing energy. Instead of deriving energy from the complete oxidation of glucose within the mitochondria of cells, cancer cells derive their energy from the fermentation of glucose, and then once the body is out of glucose, from the use of amino acids and fatty acids. This ‘cancer metabolism’ tends to be self-promoting, and brings about the excessive and prolonged production of the cancer-promoting hormones and inflammatory substances that have been identified within the bodies of cancer patients, particularly within the tumor microenvironment.

Most of the cancer-causing substances within the tumor microenvironment of cancer patients exist initially as a means to help the body heal the damaged, ‘cancerous’ tissue. But due to the presence of unsaturated free fatty acids and the toxic metabolites rendered from their oxidization, the presence of these cancer-causing substances becomes prolonged and the body loses its capacity to ‘switch off’ the stress metabolism and complete the healing process.

If a cancer patient is not thrashed with so-called treatments involving knives, poison injections and deadly high-dose ionizing radiation they often heal cancer on their own, which is testament to the remarkable healing capacity of the human body. And when healing foods and medicines like oranges, coconut oil, sodium bicarbonate, red light and aspirin are employed to enhance immunity, protect the body from oxidative damage and inhibit the self-perpetuating cycle of stress, the tumor microenvironment and overall environment of the body can be quickly altered and a reduction of cancer symptoms or a complete resolution of the disease can occur.

Moving Forward

In book 1 of this series it was established using evidence from existing scientific publications that cancer treatments are doing far more harm than good. This has been known for decades, and many doctors and scientists have done everything they can to warn the public, but to this day their warnings remain mostly unknown. I hope this series of books plays a substantial part in making this universally understood. In this exciting age of information, where communication between people anywhere in the world is instant and books can be easily self-published, the opportunity to create real, lasting change in the world has never been greater.

This shift in our understanding of cancer begins with understanding what the disease truly is and isn’t, which has been the goal of this book. It is with this understanding that a more rational approach to the prevention and treatment of cancer can begin.

It can now be said with certainty that cancer is not a disease of genetic origin, but one of damaged metabolism. And, rather than a disease involving mutant ‘terrorist’ cells whose goal is to murder the host, cancer cells are simply normal cells that are damaged from not getting everything they need to function properly.

A complete evidence-based understanding of all the nutritional and lifestyle factors that can shift the metabolism to and away from cancer is the final objective of this book series. An evidence-based protocol for alternative cancer treatment is all that stands between us and a world without cancer.

If you’ve made it this far in the series, it’s clear that you are willing to ‘carry your own cross’ and take responsibility for your thoughts and for your existence. The path of seeking truth, of caring about the world around you and wanting to make a difference can be a difficult path to walk, but those willing to do so will be rewarded with health and the knowledge and power to better their lives and change the world.

In the final book of this series, an evidence-based anti-cancer nutritional, exercise and medicinal protocol will be presented so that all the most effective healing strategies can be combined in a bulk approach to safely and effectively prevent and reverse cancer safely and swiftly.

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44. Shilling M, Matt L, Rubin E, et al. Antimicrobial effects of virgin coconut oil and its medium-chain fatty acids on Clostridium difficile. J Med Food. 2013;16(12):1079-85. [Back]

45. Verallo-rowell VM, Dillague KM, Syah-tjundawan BS. Novel antibacterial and emollient effects of coconut and virgin olive oils in adult atopic dermatitis. Dermatitis. 2008;19(6):308-15. [Back]

46. Shino B, Peedikayil FC, Jaiprakash SR, Ahmed bijapur G, Kottayi S, Jose D. Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Chlorhexidine, Coconut Oil, Probiotics, and Ketoconazole on Candida albicans Isolated in Children with Early Childhood Caries: An In Vitro Study. Scientifica (Cairo). 2016;2016:7061587. [Back]

47. Ogbolu DO, Oni AA, Daini OA, Oloko AP. In vitro antimicrobial properties of coconut oil on Candida species in Ibadan, Nigeria. J Med Food. 2007;10(2):384-7. [Back]

48. Marina AM, Man YB, Nazimah SA, Amin I. Antioxidant capacity and phenolic acids of virgin coconut oil. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2009;60 Suppl 2:114-23. [Back]

49. Yeap SK, Beh BK, Ali NM, et al. Antistress and antioxidant effects of virgin coconut oil in vivo. Exp Ther Med. 2015;9(1):39-42. [Back]

50. Otuechere CA, Madarikan G, Simisola T, Bankole O, Osho A. Virgin coconut oil protects against liver damage in albino rats challenged with the anti-folate combination, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2014;25(2):249-53. [Back]

51. Nair SS, Manalil JJ, Ramavarma SK, Suseela IM, Thekkepatt A, Raghavamenon AC. Virgin coconut oil supplementation ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced systemic toxicity in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2016;35(2):205-12. [Back]

52. Shadnia S, Rahimi M, Pajoumand A, Rasouli MH, Abdollahi M. Successful treatment of acute aluminium phosphide poisoning: possible benefit of coconut oil. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2005;24(4):215-8. [Back]

53. Law KS, Azman N, Omar EA, et al. The effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) as supplementation on quality of life (QOL) among breast cancer patients. Lipids Health Dis. 2014;13:139. [Back]

54. Coconut oil in health and disease: Its and monolaurin’s potential as cure for aids. Unknown journal. Date unknown. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237233256_COCONUT_OIL_IN_HEALTH_AND_DISEASE_ITS_AND_MONOLAURIN %27S_POTENTIAL_AS_CURE_FOR_HIVAIDS_By. [February 15, 2017]. [Back]

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56. Vysakh A, Ratheesh M, Rajmohanan TP, et al. Polyphenolics isolated from virgin coconut oil inhibits adjuvant induced arthritis in rats through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. Int Immunopharmacol. 2014;20(1):124-30. [Back]

57. Hayatullina Z, Muhammad N, Mohamed N, Soelaiman IN. Virgin coconut oil supplementation prevents bone loss in osteoporosis rat model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:237236. [Back]

58. Abujazia MA, Muhammad N, Shuid AN, Soelaiman IN. The effects of virgin coconut oil on bone oxidative status in ovariectomised rat. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:525079. [Back]

59. Hu yang I, De la rubia ortí JE, Selvi sabater P, et al. [Coconut Oil: Non-Alternative Drug Treatment Against Alzheimer’s Disease]. Nutr Hosp. 2015;32(6):2822-7. [Back]

60. Newport, S. (2013). Coconut Oil has Improved My Life. [Online]. Available: https://healthunlocked.com/parkinsonsmovement/posts/1170627/coconut-oil-has-improved-my-life [November 6, 2016]. [Back]

61. Sankaranarayanan K, Mondkar JA, Chauhan MM, Mascarenhas BM, Mainkar AR, Salvi RY. Oil massage in neonates: an open randomized controlled study of coconut versus mineral oil. Indian Pediatr. 2005;42(9):877-84. [Back]

62. Peedikayil FC, Sreenivasan P, Narayanan A. Effect of coconut oil in plaque related gingivitis - A preliminary report. Niger Med J. 2015;56(2):143-7. [Back]

63. Kaushik M, Reddy P, Sharma R, Udameshi P, Mehra N, Marwaha A. The Effect of Coconut Oil pulling on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva in Comparison with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2016;17(1):38-41. [Back]

64. Singla N, Acharya S, Martena S, Singla R. Effect of oil gum massage therapy on common pathogenic oral microorganisms - A randomized controlled trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2014;18(4):441-6. [Back]

65. Houssay BA, Martínez C. Experimental Diabetes and Diet. Science. 1947;105(2734):548-9. [Back]

66. Narayanankutty A, Mukesh RK, Ayoob SK, et al. Virgin coconut oil maintains redox status and improves glycemic conditions in high fructose fed rats. J Food Sci Technol. 2016;53(1):895-901. [Back]

67. Alves NF, Porpino SK, Monteiro MM, Gomes ER, Braga VA. Coconut oil supplementation and physical exercise improves baroreflex sensitivity and oxidative stress in hypertensive rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2015;40(4):393-400. [Back]

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76. Nurul-iman BS, Kamisah Y, Jaarin K, Qodriyah HM. Virgin coconut oil prevents blood pressure elevation and improves endothelial functions in rats fed with repeatedly heated palm oil. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:629329. [Back]

77. Deol P, Evans JR, Dhahbi J, et al. Soybean Oil Is More Obesogenic and Diabetogenic than Coconut Oil and Fructose in Mouse: Potential Role for the Liver. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(7):e0132672. [Back]

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

MARK SLOAN has written over 300 articles and is the author of The Cancer Industry, Cancer: The Metabolic Disease Unravelled and the 6x international #1 bestseller Red Light Therapy: Miracle Medicine. Mark lives in Ontario, Canada and his goal is to build his home from scratch, entirely off grid and live a self-sufficient, resilient and responsible life as God had intended. Mark is passionate about learning and his ultimate goal in life is to reduce the suffering in this world and to make a better place for every human being alive and for future generations.

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Table of Contents

Cooking:

Dental Health:

Depression:

Diabetes:

Digestive Health:

Exercise:

Eye Health:

Food Production:

Healing:

Heart Health:

Immune System:

Obesity:

Radiation protective:

Sexual Health:

Skin Health:

Other:

Arthritis:

Detoxification:

Heart Health:

Immune System:

Inflammation:

Obesity:

Antiviral:

Arthritis:

Bone Health:

Brain Health:

Detoxification:

Diabetes:

Exercise:

Food Production:

Headaches:

Healing:

Immune System:

Inflammation:

Lifespan:

Obesity:

Radiation protective:

Sexual Health:

Other:

Antioxidant:

Bone Health:

Exercise:

Heart Health:

Immune System:

Inflammation:

Obesity:

Healing:

Heart Health:

Immune System:

Liver Health:

Metabolism:

Radiation Protective:

Reproduction:

Sexual Health:

Skin:

Sleep:

Tumor Microenvironment:

Antifungal:

Antioxidant:

Antiviral:

Autism:

Bone Health:

Brain Health:

Detoxification:

Diabetes:

Exercise:

Antibacterial:

Antifungal:

Antioxidant:

Antiviral:

Dental Health:

Depression:

Diabetes:

Farming:

Seizures:

Skin:

Healing:

Heart Health:

Immune System: